Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Biotechnology Society Agricultural Biotechnology Journal 2228-6705 8 3 2016 11 21 Bioinformatics analyses of expressed sequence tags in Chinese spring wheat spikes under salt stress Bioinformatics analyses of expressed sequence tags in Chinese spring wheat spikes under salt stress 33 50 1544 10.22103/jab.2016.1544 FA Zahra Zinati Assistant Professor of plant breeding, Agroecology Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Iran. Abass Alemzadeh Assistant Professor of biotechnology, Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Esmael Ebrahimie Assistant Professor of biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Journal Article 2015 09 08 Functional genomics helps to understand the key mechanisms involved in salt stress tolerance and allows the possibility of targeted genetic manipulation to improve crop tolerance to salinity. The goal of this study was to identify new genes related to salt stress and functional analysis based on expressed sequence tags (EST). Therefore, two EST libraries under control and salt stressed conditions were downloaded from Harvard and Graingenes databanks. EGassembler, NCBI BLAST, MaxPlanck and IDEG6 software tools were applied for clustering and assembling EST sequences, determination of proteins related to unigenes (contigs and singletons), functional categories and statistics test, respectively. Results showed that twenty functional categories are significantly different between control and stress conditions. Most of contigs and singletons fell into protein and RNA categories whereas CHO metabolism and TCA and organic transformation had the minimum of numbers of contigs and singletons in both control and salt stressed conditions. Percentage of unigenes in mitochondrial electron transport/ATP synthesis, Lipid metabolism, redox, protein, RNA, DNA, and cell categories were significantly higher in stress condition compared with control condition. Therefore, these functional categories could be involved in the mechanism of response to salt stress. Two hundred and seventy-one genes were differentially expressed that grouped into 23 functional categories. The wheat genes identified in this study can be considered as candidates genes to improve salt tolerance through genetic manipulation. Functional genomics helps to understand the key mechanisms involved in salt stress tolerance and allows the possibility of targeted genetic manipulation to improve crop tolerance to salinity. The goal of this study was to identify new genes related to salt stress and functional analysis based on expressed sequence tags (EST). Therefore, two EST libraries under control and salt stressed conditions were downloaded from Harvard and Graingenes databanks. EGassembler, NCBI BLAST, MaxPlanck and IDEG6 software tools were applied for clustering and assembling EST sequences, determination of proteins related to unigenes (contigs and singletons), functional categories and statistics test, respectively. Results showed that twenty functional categories are significantly different between control and stress conditions. Most of contigs and singletons fell into protein and RNA categories whereas CHO metabolism and TCA and organic transformation had the minimum of numbers of contigs and singletons in both control and salt stressed conditions. Percentage of unigenes in mitochondrial electron transport/ATP synthesis, Lipid metabolism, redox, protein, RNA, DNA, and cell categories were significantly higher in stress condition compared with control condition. Therefore, these functional categories could be involved in the mechanism of response to salt stress. Two hundred and seventy-one genes were differentially expressed that grouped into 23 functional categories. The wheat genes identified in this study can be considered as candidates genes to improve salt tolerance through genetic manipulation. https://jab.uk.ac.ir/article_1544_8aa29025ce7947b42ae305ecd08eb501.pdf