Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Iranian Biotechnology Society Agricultural Biotechnology Journal 2228-6705 16 1 2024 03 20 Investigating the genetic diversity of native varieties of Iranian watermelon using the ISSR ‎molecular marker Investigating the genetic diversity of native varieties of Iranian watermelon using the ISSR ‎molecular marker 1 18 4152 10.22103/jab.2023.22199.1514 FA Amin Arjmand Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-2045-9930 Mohsen Ebrahimi Educational Department of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding, Aburihan Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 0009-0008-4067-3193 Journal Article 2023 08 20 Objective:‎‏ ‏The purpose of this research is to investigate the efficiency of the ISSR molecular marker in ‎distinguishing the studied watermelon populations, to determine the degree of similarity and genetic ‎distance of the populations in order to use the phenomenon of heterosis and to select suitable parents in ‎watermelon hybrid seed production programs.‎<br /><br />Materials and methods: In this research, the genetic diversity of 24 different watermelon populations ‎from all over Iran was investigated using 10 ISSR primers. DNA extraction was done using the CTAB ‎method. After PCR, molecular data were scored as zero and one. Indexes related to markers include ‎total number of bands, number of polymorphic bands, polymorphic percentage, marker index (MI), ‎resolution strength index (RP) and polymorphic information content (PIC). It was measured. In order to ‎perform cluster analysis, NTSYS and Excel software were used, and GenALEx software was used to ‎analyze the molecular variance and to analyze the main coordinates.‎<br /><br /><br />Results: In this research, a total of 202 bands were produced, of which 184 were polymorphic bands. ‎The average number of total bands and polymorphic bands in this study was 20.2 and 18.4, respectively. ‎The highest percentage of polymorphism was related to the ISSR6 primer with 100% and the lowest ‎polymorphism was related to the ISSR5 primer with 80%. The average percentage of polymorphism in ‎this study was also 0.90. The value of PIC index in this research varied between 0.26 and 0.44 and the ‎average PIC was 0.35. After cluster analysis, the studied populations were divided into five groups at a ‎similarity level of 55%. The results of molecular variance analysis and principal coordinate analysis in ‎the studied populations showed that 14% of the variation is between the studied populations and 86% ‎of the variation is within the studied populations. The results of analysis to main coordinates also ‎confirmed the results of cluster analysis‏.‏<br /><br />Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the ISSR molecular marker has the necessary efficiency ‎to distinguish the studied populations, and on the other hand, considering the considerable genetic ‎diversity between and within the studied populations, the genotypes used in this research can be ‎considered as the population The first one was used in watermelon hybrid seed production programs ‎and also Faryab and Minab populations can be used as cross parents considering that they had the least ‎genetic similarity in order to use heterosis in watermelon hybrid seed production projects.‎‏ ‏ Objective:‎‏ ‏The purpose of this research is to investigate the efficiency of the ISSR molecular marker in ‎distinguishing the studied watermelon populations, to determine the degree of similarity and genetic ‎distance of the populations in order to use the phenomenon of heterosis and to select suitable parents in ‎watermelon hybrid seed production programs.‎<br /><br />Materials and methods: In this research, the genetic diversity of 24 different watermelon populations ‎from all over Iran was investigated using 10 ISSR primers. DNA extraction was done using the CTAB ‎method. After PCR, molecular data were scored as zero and one. Indexes related to markers include ‎total number of bands, number of polymorphic bands, polymorphic percentage, marker index (MI), ‎resolution strength index (RP) and polymorphic information content (PIC). It was measured. In order to ‎perform cluster analysis, NTSYS and Excel software were used, and GenALEx software was used to ‎analyze the molecular variance and to analyze the main coordinates.‎<br /><br /><br />Results: In this research, a total of 202 bands were produced, of which 184 were polymorphic bands. ‎The average number of total bands and polymorphic bands in this study was 20.2 and 18.4, respectively. ‎The highest percentage of polymorphism was related to the ISSR6 primer with 100% and the lowest ‎polymorphism was related to the ISSR5 primer with 80%. The average percentage of polymorphism in ‎this study was also 0.90. The value of PIC index in this research varied between 0.26 and 0.44 and the ‎average PIC was 0.35. After cluster analysis, the studied populations were divided into five groups at a ‎similarity level of 55%. The results of molecular variance analysis and principal coordinate analysis in ‎the studied populations showed that 14% of the variation is between the studied populations and 86% ‎of the variation is within the studied populations. The results of analysis to main coordinates also ‎confirmed the results of cluster analysis‏.‏<br /><br />Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the ISSR molecular marker has the necessary efficiency ‎to distinguish the studied populations, and on the other hand, considering the considerable genetic ‎diversity between and within the studied populations, the genotypes used in this research can be ‎considered as the population The first one was used in watermelon hybrid seed production programs ‎and also Faryab and Minab populations can be used as cross parents considering that they had the least ‎genetic similarity in order to use heterosis in watermelon hybrid seed production projects.‎‏ ‏ https://jab.uk.ac.ir/article_4152_26ff6f4ca1cfca4861eb91876f706746.pdf