ریبونوکلئازها به عنوان عوامل درمانی بالقوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

4 گروه علوم دامی-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد-مشهد-ایران

چکیده

هدف: ریبونوکلئازها به دلیل ایجاد سمیت سلولی به عنوان عوامل دارویی دارای پتانسیل درمانی شناخته می­شوند. عملکرد بالای این آنزیم­ها در تخریب رشته RNA و سایر سوبستراهای آن­ها و به دنبال آن انهدام سلول و یا توقف تقسیم سلولی باعث بروز اثر سمیت سلولی بسیار بالای آنزیم­های مذکور در سلول­های سرطانی مختلف می­شود. از این رو در مقاله حاضر  به بررسی کاربردهای درمانی ریبونوکلئازها، مسیرهای سلولی و مکانیسم عمل آن­ها به عنوان عوامل سیتوتوکسیک به منظور توجه به آن­ها در پژوهش­های حوزه سلامت و درمان پرداخته شده است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه با استفاده از کلید واژه­های سرطان، ریبونوکلئاز، مهارکننده ریبونوکلئازی و اسید ریبونوکلئیک، در پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی معتبر Scopus، SID، IranDoc، PubMed، Google Scholar، Web of Science و IranMedex جستجو انجام شد. به منظور انتخاب مستندات مورد استفاده، تمام مقالاتی که به زبان غیرانگلیسی و فارسی چاپ شده بودند، مقالات تکراری، مقالاتی که امکان دستیابی به متن کامل مقاله وجود نداشت و هم­چنین مقالاتی که به صورت چکیده ارائه شده بودند حذف گردیدند. نهایتا موارد منتخب به منظور تنظیم مقاله حاضر به طور کامل مطالعه و خلاصه­سازی شدند.
نتایج: مطالعه و بررسی پژوهش­های انجام شده نشان داد که ریبونوکلئازها توانایی از بین بردن سلول­های تومور را دارا بوده و این آنزیم­ها خصوصیات ضد ویروسی نیز دارند. از میان این آنزیم­ها ریبونوکلئاز پانکراس گاوی، ریبونوکلئاز سمینال گاوی، آنکوناز و انژیوژنین به عنوان ریبونوکلئازهای با فعالیت آنتی­توموری بالا شناخته شده­اند که از طریق مسیرهای مختلف سلولی یا ایجاد جهش در جهت افزایش سمیت سلولی فعالیت سیتوتوکسیتی را علیه سلول­های سرطانی به­صورت انتخابی بروز می­دهند. هم­چنین مطالعه مقالات مرتبط با عملکرد ریبونوکلئازها نشان داد که بررسی مسیرهای ژنتیکی سنتز و مکانیسم­های ایجاد سمیت سلولی در این آنزیم­ها، امکان ایجاد محصولات دارویی جدید را در آینده فراهم خواهد کرد. بهره­گیری از فرآیندهای مهندسی و تغییرات شیمیایی در ساختار لیگاند/رسپتور ممکن است سبب افزایش سمیت مولکول­های ریبونوکلئاز به منظور انتخاب مسیرهای سیتوتوکسیک برای کار بر روی سلول­های بدخیم شود. بنابراین کشف پتانسیل درمانی و بررسی جزییات ارزش­های درمانی ریبونوکلئازها ضروری می­باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: ریبونوکلئازها کاندیدهای دارویی بالقوه با زیست فراهمی کافی هستند و با توجه به اثر سمیت آن­ها، که بر پایه هیدرولیز انتخابی مولکول­های RNA داخل سلولی و فرآیندهای خاص شناسایی غشاء سلولی می­باشد، می­توان از این آنزیم­ها به­عنوان داروهای ضد تومور و یا عوامل درمانی استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Ribonucleases as potential therapeutic agents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoume Vakili-Azghandi 1
  • Mohammadreza Nasiri 2
  • Shahrokh Ghovvati 3
  • Ali Javadmanesh 4
1 Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 ferdosi university of mashhad
3 Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
Objective
Due to high cytotoxicity effect, ribonucleases (RNases) are known as pharmacological agents with therapeutic potential. The high potential of these enzymes in the destruction of RNA strand and their other substrates and subsequently, cell destruction or cessation of cell division causes a very high cytotoxic effect of this enzyme in various cancer cells. Hence, this review investigates the therapeutic applications of ribonucleases, cell pathways and their mode of action as cytotoxic agents in order to pay attention to them in researches related to the health and therapy fields.
Materials and methods
In this study the keywords such as cancer, ribonuclease, ribonuclease inhibitor and RNA were used to search in databases including Scopus, SID, IranDoc, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and IranMedex. In order to select the documents used, all articles published in non-English and Persian languages, duplicate articles, articles that could not be accessed to the full text, as well as articles that were presented as abstracts were removed. Finally, the selected cases were thoroughly studied and summarized in order to prepare the current review.
Results
The study and review of research conducted showed that ribonucleases have the ability to kill tumor cells and that these enzymes have antiviral properties. Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A), bovine seminal ribonuclease (BS-RNase), Onconase, and angiogenin are known as RNases with high antitumor activity which exert cytotoxic activity on cancer cells selectively by involving different cellular pathways and/ or enhance the cytotoxicity by mutation. Also, the study of articles related to the function of ribonucleases showed that the investigation of genetic pathways of synthesis and mechanisms of cytotoxicity in these enzymes will provide the development of new pharmaceutical products in the future. Utilization of engineering processes and chemical changes in ligand / receptor structure may increase the toxicity of ribonuclease molecules in order to select cytotoxic pathways on malignant cells. Therefore, it is necessary to discover the therapeutic potential and to study in detail the therapeutic values of ribonucleases.
Conclusions
Ribonucleases are potentially bioavailable drug candidates, and in regard to their toxicity, which is based on the selective hydrolysis of intracellular RNA molecules and specific cell membrane recognition processes, these enzymes can be used as anti-tumor drugs or therapeutic agents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ribonuclease
  • cytotoxicity
  • drug candidate
  • cellular pathways
آرین­نژاد حمید، نصیری محمدرضا، جوادمنش علی، قوتی شاهرخ، دهقانی حسام، آسوده احمد (1398) طراحی ساختار پروتئینی آنزیم رانپیرناز به عنوان ایمنوتوکسین براساس ریبونوکلئاز پانکراتیک گاوی با استفاده از مطالعات دینامیک و استاتیک مولکولی. پژوهش­های علوم دامی ایران 12، 351-360.
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