بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی و ساختار جمعیت در برخی ژرم پلاسم های گل محمدی (.Rosa damascena Mill) ایران با استفاده از نشانگرهای ISSR

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 کرج کرج-پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران-گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات

3 گروه بیوتکنولوژی و به نژادی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،تهران ،ایران

4 گروه بیوتکنولوژی و به نژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران

5 مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

هدف: : آگاهی از تنوع ژنتیکی و ساختار جمعیت در حفاظت از ژرم­پلاسم گیاهی و جلوگیری از ضعیف شدن پایه ژنتیکی گونه‌های زراعی موجود بسیار مؤثر است و فرصت بهره­گیری از پتانسیل ژن­های مطلوب در خزانه ژنتیکی را در برنامه‌های به­نژادی فراهم می­کند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی در ژرم­پلاسم گل محمدی جمع­آوری شده از مناطق مختلف ایران و شناسایی روابط ژنتیکی جمعیت‌های مختلف به ‌منظور استفاده در برنامه­های به­نژادی و حفاظت از ذخایر ژنتیکی می­باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: تنوع ژنتیکی و ساختار جمعیت در یک مجموعه از ژرم‌پلاسم گل محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill)، شامل 40 اکسشن جمع‌آوری ‌شده از پنج منطقه جغرافیایی ایران با استفاده از نشانگرهای بین ریز­ماهواره‌ای مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.
نتایج: دوازده آغازگر ISSR، 202 قطعه ژنومی چند شکل تکثیر نمودند، تعداد این باندها در آغازگرهای مختلف از 15 تا 18 متغیر و میانگین آن‌ها 83/16 به دست آمد. متوسط شاخص محتوای اطلاعات چندشکل (PIC) و شاخص نشانگر (MI) برای آغازگرهای مورد استفاده به ترتیب بین 35/0 تا 46/0 و 25/5 تا 28/8 متغیر بود. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس مولکولی (AMOVA) نشان داد که تنوع درون جمعیتی سهم بیشتری (93 درصد) از تنوع مولکولی کل را به خود اختصاص داد. دندروگرام حاصل از تجزیه خوشه‌ای بر اساس الگوریتم اتصال- همسایگی (NJ) اکسشن‌های مورد مطالعه را در 3 گروه اصلی دسته‌بندی کرد و گروه­بندی توسط تجزیه به مختصات اصلی (PCoA) مورد تائید قرار گرفت. بیشترین مقدار فاصله ژنتیکی (837/0) بر اساس ضریب جاکارد بین اکسشن‌های هرمزگان و برزک 3 و کمترین فاصله ژنتیکی (141/0) بین اکسشن‌های سمنان 1 و سمنان 2 مشاهده شد. نتایج بررسی ساختار جمعیت‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار STRUCTUR بیانگر عدم وجود ارتباط قوی با پراکنش جغرافیایی اکسشن‌ها بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: تجزیه خوشه‌ای و تجزیه به مختصات اصلی با روابط ژنتیکی حاصل از تجزیه ساختار جمعیت در بسیاری از موارد سازگار بودند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که گروه‌بندی اکسشن­ها بر اساس داده‌های مولکولی با منشأ جغرافیایی آن‌ها ارتباط قوی ندارد، در نتیجه احتمال جریان ژن بین جمعیت‌ها تقویت می‌شود. تنوع ژنتیکی به‌ دست ‌آمده به‌ وسیله نشانگر ISSR نشان‌دهنده قابلیت شناسایی تفاوت‌های بین‌گونه‌ای و درون‌گونه‌ای این نشانگر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity and population structure analysis in some Rosa damascena Mill. germplasms from Iran using ISSR markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh sadat Mostafavi 1
  • Mansour Mansour Omidi 2
  • Reza Azizinezhad 3
  • Alireza Etminan 4
  • Hassanali NaghdiBadi 5
1 Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch
2 Corresponding author. Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Plant breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
5 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective
Awareness of genetic diversity and population structure is very effective in conserving germplasm and preventing the weakening of the genetic base and provides the opportunity to harness the potential of desirable genes in the genetic repository in breeding programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity in the germplasm of Rosa damascena collected from different regions of Iran and to identify the genetic relationships of different populations for use in breeding and Conservation of genetic resources programs.
Materials and methods
Genetic diversity and population structure were evaluated in a collection of Rosa damascena Mill germplasm, including 40 accessions collected from five geographical regions of Iran using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers.
Results
Twelve ISSR primers replicated 202 multiform genomic fragments, the number of these bands ranged from 15 to 18 in different primers and the average was 16.83. The average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and marker index (MI) for the primers used ranged from 0.35 to 0.46 and 5.25 to 8.28, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that intra-population diversity accounts for a greater share (93%) of total molecular diversity. The dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis based on method neighbor joining categorized the accessions into 3 main groups, which were confirmed by principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Based on Jacard coefficient, the highest genetic distance (0.837) was observed between Hormozgan and Barzok 3 accessions, and the lowest genetic distance between Semnan accessions (0.141). The results of population structure using STRUCTURE software showed no strong relationship with the geographical distribution of accessions.
Conclusions
Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis were consistent with the genetic relationships derived by STRUCTURE analysis in many cases. The results showed that the grouping of accessions based on molecular data is not strong related to their geographical origin, thus strengthening the probability of gene flow between populations. Genetic diversity obtained by ISSR marker indicates the ability to identify interspecies and intraspecies differences of this marker.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rosa damascena Mill. ISSR
  • Genetic diversity
  • Population structure

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مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی
دوره 14، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 197-219

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