بهبود تحمل سرمای نخود زراعی از طریق تجزیه پلی‌آمین‌های با وزن مولکولی بالا و هورمون اتیلن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد گروه زرعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف: این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی نقش ارتباط بین سوخت‌وساز پلی‌آمین‌‌ها (PAs) و اتیلن در پاسخ به تنش سرما در دو ژنوتیپ متحمل (Sel96th11439) و حساس (ILC 533) به سرمای نخود انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق میزان اتیلن، PAs با وزن مولکولی بالا (اسپرمیدین (Spd) و اسپرمین (Spm))، فعالیت آنزیم‌های پلی‌آمین‌اکسیداز (PAO) و دی‌آمین‌اکسیداز (DAO)، بیان نسبی ژن‌های 1-آمینو سیکلوپروپان 1-کربوکسیلیک اسید سنتاز (ACS) و 1-آمینو سیکلوپروپان 1-کربوکسیلیک اسید اکسیداز (ACO) و پراکسید هیدروژن (H2O2) در طی روزهای اول و ششم پس از آغاز تنش سرما C˚4 در مقایسه با شرایط کنترل به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی بررسی شد.
نتایج: تحت تنش سرما هر دو ژنوتیپ افزایش معنی‌داری در محتوی Spd و Spm (به‌ترتیب حداکثر تا 66/66 درصد و 23/96 درصد) نشان دادند. تحت تنش سرما بیوسنتز اتیلن در ژنوتیپ حساس در مقایسه با شرایط کنترل کاهش یافت (08/26 درصد) در حالی که در ژنوتیپ متحمل به سرما، حداکثر تجمع اتیلن در روز اول تنش در مقایسه با شرایط کنترل (62/15 درصد) ارتباط نزدیکی با افزایش تجمع PAs با وزن مولکولی بالا داشت. در ژنوتیپ متحمل افزایش فعالیت پلی‌آمین‌اکسیداز (PAO) و دی‌آمین‌اکسیداز (DAO) (به ترتیب 6/2 و 01/3 برابر) در پاسخ‌های زودهنگام با افزایش بیوسنتز اتیلن و همچنین افزایش همزمان محتوی PAs تحت تنش سرما در ارتباط بود. در ژنوتیپ متحمل بیان نسبی ژن‌های ACS و ACO پس از یک افزایش معنی‌دار در روز اول تنش سرما (به‌ترتیب 2/5 و 03/4 برابر) کاهش معنی‌داری در روز ششم تنش در مقایسه با گیاهان کنترل نشان داد در حالیکه روند کاهشی مداوم (به‌ترتیب 35 و 21/7 برابر) در ژنوتیپ حساس در مقایسه با شرایط کنترل مشاهده شد. 
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های این تحقیق بیانگر آن است که اتیلن از طریق فعال‌سازی مسیر پیچیده پیام‌رسانی H2O2 که وابسته به تجزیه زیستی PAs است، مستقیماً در بهبود تحمل به تنش سرما موثر بود. این نتایج پیشنهاد می‌کند که مسیر بیوسنتزی اتیلن و تجزیه زیستی PAs با وزن مولکولی بالا می‌توانند در سازوکار تحمل سرما موثر باشند.

 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvment of cold tolerance of chickpea through heavy polyamines catabolism and ethylene phytohormone

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Amini 1
  • Reza Maali Amiri 2
  • Hasan Zeinali 3
1 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Research Institute (SPCRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2
3 Faculty member of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj,
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Objective
The current study was undertaken to investigate if there is a relationship between metabolism of ethylene and heavy polyamines (PAs) under cold stress in cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes.
 
Materials and methods
In this research, content of ethylene, heavy polyamines (spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm)), activities of PAs degradation pathway enzymes (polyamine oxidase (PAO) and diamine oxidase (DAO)), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and relative expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO) genes in cold-tolerant (Sel 96th11439) and cold-sensitive (ILC 533) chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes during the first and sixth days of cold stress at 4 °C compared to control condition as a factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design were investigated.
 
Results
During cold stress, both genotypes showed a significant increase in Spd and Spm content (66.66 and 96.23%). Ethylene production was declined in cold-sensitive genotype under cold stress compared to control conditions (up to 26.08%) while in the cold-tolerant genotype, the unique ethylene peak in early response (on the first day of stress) comared to control conditions (15.62%) was closely related to increased heavy polyamine accumulation. In the tolerant genotype, the increase in polyamine oxidase (PAO) and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in early responses, (By 2.6- and 3.01-fold, respectively) was related to the increase in ethylene biosynthesis, as well as a concomitant increase in heavy polyamine (Spd & Spm) content by cold stress. In the tolerant genotype, the relative expression of ACS and ACO genes, after a significant increase on the first day of cold stress (5.2- and 4.03-fold, respectively), showed a significant decrease on the sixth day of the stress compared to the control plants, while a continuous decreasing trend (35-and 21.7-fold, respectively) was observed in the sensitive genotype compared to the control condition.
 
Conclusions
Findings of this research suggest that ethylene is intimately involved in improvement of cold stress tolerance through activation of a complex pathway of signalling by H2O2 that is polyamine catabolism-dependent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ethylene metabolism
  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Heavy Polyamines
  • Cold stress
  • Chickpea
 
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