زیست‌سنتز نانوذرات نقره از ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی و بررسی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و زیستی آن‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم و سلامت، دانشگاه کویه، کویه 44023 و مرکز پژوهش‌های علوم و سلامت، معاونت پژوهش و توسعه مراکز، دانشگاه

2 گروه تولیدات دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کرکوک، عراق.

3 گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه تکریت، عراق.

4 گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم و سلامت، دانشگاه کویه، کویه 44023، اقلیم کردستان، عراق.

چکیده

هدف: این مطالعه به بررسی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و زیستی نانوذرات نقره زیست‌سنتزشده از ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی می‌پردازد. ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی موجود در برگ زیتون به‌عنوان عوامل کاهنده و پایدارکننده طبیعی در سنتز سبز نانوذرات نقره (AgNPs) عمل می‌کنند که در مقایسه با روش‌های متداول، رویکردی سبز و سازگار با محیط زیست محسوب می‌شود.
مواد و روش‌ها: نانوذرات نقره (AgNPs) با استفاده از مجموعه‌ای از روش‌های تحلیلی بررسی شدند. طیف‌سنجی UV-Vis در بازه طول موج ۲۰۰ تا ۸۰۰ نانومتر برای شناسایی رزونانس پلاسمونی مشخصه نانوذرات نقره انجام شد. همچنین از میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی با گسیل میدانی (FE-SEM) برای تعیین اندازه و شکل ذرات استفاده گردید. پراش پرتو ایکس (XRD) به‌منظور بررسی ساختار و ماهیت بلوری و به‌دست‌آوردن اطلاعاتی درباره فاز و میزان بلورینگی نانوذرات به کار رفت. برای اطمینان از سنتز صحیح AgNPs، طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز تبدیل فوریه (FTIR) در محدوده طیفی ۴۰۰۰ تا ۶۰۰ در سانتی‌متر انجام شد تا گروه‌های عاملی مرتبط با نانوذرات شناسایی و ویژگی‌های ساختاری آن‌ها تحلیل شود. برای تهیه محیط کشت، 25/6 گرم نوترینت آگار در ۲۵۰ میلی‌لیتر آب مقطر حل شد. به‌منظور حل کامل، محلول با همزن مغناطیسی روی صفحه گرم‌کن در دمای کنترل‌شده به‌طور مداوم هم زده شد. سپس محیط کشت به مدت ۱۵ دقیقه در دمای ۱۲۱ درجه سانتی‌گراد اتوکلاو گردید. پس از استریلیزاسیون، آگار مذاب تا دمای ۴۵ تا ۵۰ درجه سانتی‌گراد سرد و سپس به‌صورت آسپتیک به پتری‌دیش‌های استریل منتقل شد. محیط کشت در دمای اتاق و بدون جابه‌جایی قرار داده شد تا کاملاً جامد گردد. در ادامه، 1/0 گرم عصاره گیاهی و 002/0 گرم نانوذره به‌ترتیب در ۱ میلی‌لیتر اتانول و 5/0 میلی‌لیتر آب مقطر، هر کدام دو بار حل شدند.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که نانوذرات نقره تولیدشده با استفاده از برگ زیتون، پتانسیل بالایی به‌عنوان عوامل ضدباکتری طبیعی در کاربردهای دارویی دارند. این مطالعه نوآوری اثربخشی نانوذرات نقره را در برابر باکتری‌های مورد بررسی نشان داد، به‌طوری‌که اثر ضدباکتریایی آن‌ها تقریباً دو برابر عصاره گیاهی بود. این یافته‌ها می‌تواند به سایر حوزه‌های پزشکی که در توسعه کنونی علم پزشکی اهمیت بالایی دارند، کمک کند.
نتیجه‌گیری: ویژگی‌های نانویی نشان‌داده‌شده توسط روش‌های مختلف بررسی، بیانگر امکان دستیابی به نانوذرات نقره با خواص مطلوب و قطر بسیار کوچک از برگ زیتون است؛ نانوذراتی که می‌توانند در سایر زمینه‌های پزشکی مهم برای پیشرفت علم پزشکی در زمان حاضر مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from phytochemicals and study of their physical and biological properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaseen Noori Mahmood AL-Shekhany 1
  • Dawod Noori M. Shekhani 2
  • Sundus Jassim Muhammad Aljbory 3
  • Shalaw Kamal Salih 4
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya 44023 and Department of Science and Health Research Center, Deanship of Research and Development Centers, Koya University, Koya 44023, Kurdistan Region F.R. Iraq.
2 Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture University of Kirkuk, Iraq.
3 Department of Biology, Collage of Science, University of Tikrit, Iraq.
4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya 44023, Kurdistan Region F.R. Iraq.
چکیده [English]

Objective
This study investigates the physical and biological properties of silver Biosynthesized nanoparticles from phytochemicals. Phytochemicals in olive leaves serve as natural reducing agents and stabilizers in the green synthesis of AgNPs, which represents a green and ecofriendly approach compared to the conventional methods.
Materials and methods
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were analyzed using a variety of analytical techniques. UV-Vis spectroscopy was performed in the 200-800 nm wavelength range to detect the characteristic plasmon resonance of the silver nanoparticles. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was also used to determine the particle size and shape. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed for studying the structural and crystalline nature and obtaining information about their phase composition and crystallinity. To ascertain the proper synthesis of AgNPs, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was also performed within the spectral range of 4000-600 cm⁻¹ to identify functional groups that belong to the nanoparticles and analyze their structural characteristics. 250 mL of distilled water was used to dissolve 6.25 g of nutrient agar to prepare the culture medium. To ensure complete dissolution, the solution was continuously stirred on a heating plate at a controlled temperature using a magnetic stirrer. The medium was then autoclaved for 15 minutes at 121 °C. After sterilization, the molten agar was cooled to a temperature between 45 and 50 °C before being aseptically transferred to sterile petri dishes. The media was then allowed to fully solidify by leaving the plates undisturbed at room temperature. Subsequently, 0.1 g of plant extract and 0.002 g of nanoparticles were dissolved twice in 1 mL of ethanol and 0.5 mL of distilled water, respectively.
Results
The results show that silver nanoparticles manufactured using olive leaves have great potential as natural antibacterial agents in pharmaceutical applications. This study demonstrated the novelty of the effectiveness of silver nanoparticles against the studied bacteria, as it was almost twice as effective as the plant extract. This contributes to other medical fields that are very important for the development of medicine at present.
Conclusions
The Nano properties demonstrated by various methods of examination lead to the possibility of obtaining silver nanoparticles with high properties and very small diameters from olive leaves that can be used in other medical fields that are very important for the development of medicine at the present time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • AgNPs
  • antibacterial activity
  • FE-SEM
  • FTIR
  • phytochemicals

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مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی
دوره 18، شماره 2
خرداد 1405
صفحه 221-238

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