مطالعه بافت شناسی برای بررسی اثرات آستاگزانتین بر زخم معده ناشی از آسپرین در موش صحرایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده آموزش، دانشگاه القادسیه، عراق

چکیده

هدف: بیماری زخم معده همچنان یک نگرانی مهم بهداشتی جهان است و میلیون‌ها نفر را در سراسر جهان، به ویژه به دلیل عوامل خطر رایج مانند استفاده از داروهای ضد التهابی غیراستروئیدی مزمن (NSAID) تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. آسپرین، یک NSAID است که به طور گسترده مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد و با مهار سنتز پروستاگلاندین و افزایش استرس اکسیداتیو و التهاب، یکپارچگی مخاط معده را به خطر می اندازد و منجر به تشکیل زخم می‌شود. آستاگزانتین، یک کاروتنوئید طبیعی با خواص آنتی اکسیدانی، ضد التهابی و ضد آپوپتوز قوی است که به دلیل اثرات بالقوه محافظتی دستگاه گوارش مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی پتانسیل درمانی آستاگزانتین در درمان و بهبود زخم معده ناشی از آسپرین انجام شد. با ارزیابی پارامترهای بافت شناسی در یک مدل موش آزمایشگاهی، بررسی شد که آیا آستاگزانتین به تنهایی یا در ترکیب با امپرازول در مقایسه با درمان معمولی محافظت و بهبودی بهتری از مخاط ارائه می‌دهد.
مواد و روش‌ها: موش‌های صحرایی ماده تحت شرایط کنترل شده (2±22 درجه سانتی گراد، چرخه نور/تاریکی 12 ساعت) با دسترسی آزاد به غذا و آب قرار گرفتند. زخم معده در همه گروه‌ها به جز گروه کنترل منفی از طریق تجویز خوراکی آسپرین (mg/kg 100) ایجاد شد. حیوانات سپس به هفت گروه (10 تایی) تقسیم شدند: کنترل (C)، دریافت آب مقطر و خوراک استاندارد؛ کنترل مثبت (T1)، با زخم‌های ناشی از آسپرین و بدون درمان؛ T2، تحت درمان با امپرازول (mg/kg 20)؛ T3، تحت درمان با آستاگزانتین (mg/kg 50)؛ T4، تحت درمان با آستاگزانتین (mg/kg 75)؛ T5، تحت درمان با امپرازول (mg/kg 20) + آستاگزانتین (mg/kg 50)؛ و T6، تحت درمان با امپرازول (mg/kg 20) + آستاگزانتین (mg/kg 75).
نتایج: تجزیه و تحلیل بافت‌شناسی نشان داد که موش‌های تحت درمان با آستاگزانتین (mg/kg 50 یا mg/kg 75) لایه‌های اپیتلیال، غدد معده دست نخورده و سلول‌های مخاطی طبیعی گردن و جداری را نشان دادند که نشان‌دهنده بهبود قابل‌توجه مخاطی است. در مقابل، گروه تحت درمان با امپرازول تغییرات پاتولوژیک خفیفی را نشان دادند که نشان دهنده بهبودی ناقص بود. درمان ترکیبی با آستاگزانتین و امپرازول محافظت از مخاط را بیشتر کرد و تغییرات هیستوپاتولوژیک کمتری را در مقایسه با امپرازول به تنهایی نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: این یافته‌ها از آستاگزانتین به عنوان یک کاندید امیدوارکننده برای مدیریت زخم معده، چه به تنهایی یا در ترکیب با درمان‌های مرسوم، پشتیبانی می‌کنند. تحقیقات بیشتر برای روشن شدن مکانیسم‌های دقیق و کاربرد بالینی آن ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A histological study to investigate the effects of astaxanthin on aspirin-induced gastric ulceration in rats

نویسندگان [English]

  • Doaa Yousif Mohammed
  • Aseel Najah Sabour
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
چکیده [English]

Objective
Gastric ulcer disease remains a significant global health concern, affecting millions worldwide, particularly due to common risk factors such as chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. Aspirin, a widely used NSAID, compromises gastric mucosal integrity by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and increasing oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to ulcer formation. Astaxanthin, a naturally occurring carotenoid with potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, has gained attention for its potential gastrointestinal protective effects. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of astaxanthin in the treatment and recovery of aspirin-induced gastric ulcers. By assessing histological parameters in an experimental rat model, we investigated whether astaxanthin alone or in combination with omeprazole offers superior mucosal protection and healing compared to conventional treatment.
Materials and Methods
Female albino rats were housed under controlled conditions (22 ± 2°C, 12-hour light/dark cycle) with free access to food and water. Gastric ulcers were induced in all groups, except for the negative control, via oral administration of aspirin (100 mg/kg). The ulcerated animals were then divided into seven groups (n = 10): Control (C), receiving distilled water and standard feed; Positive Control (T1), with aspirin-induced ulcers and no treatment; T2, treated with omeprazole (20 mg/kg); T3, treated with astaxanthin (50 mg/kg); T4, treated with astaxanthin (75 mg/kg); T5, treated with omeprazole (20 mg/kg) + astaxanthin (50 mg/kg); and T6, treated with omeprazole (20 mg/kg) + astaxanthin (75 mg/kg).
Results
Histological analysis revealed that rats treated with astaxanthin (50 mg/kg or 75 mg/kg) exhibited well-preserved epithelial layers, intact gastric glands, and normal mucous neck and parietal cells, indicating substantial mucosal recovery. In contrast, the omeprazole-treated group displayed mild pathological alterations, suggesting incomplete healing. Combination therapy with astaxanthin and omeprazole further enhanced mucosal protection, showing fewer histopathological changes compared to omeprazole alone. These findings suggest that astaxanthin promotes superior gastric mucosal healing following aspirin-induced ulceration, likely due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Conclusion
These findings support astaxanthin as a promising candidate for gastric ulcer management, either alone or in combination with conventional treatments. Further research is warranted to elucidate its precise mechanisms and clinical applicability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • albino rats
  • aspirin
  • astaxanthin
  • gastric ulcer
  • omeprazole

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مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی
دوره 17، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 285-302

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