اثر اسید هیومیک و عصاره جلبک دریایی بر رشد، عملکرد و اسانس رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز ملی هماتولوژی، دانشگاه المستنصریه، بغداد، عراق

2 دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه بغداد، عراق.

3 دانشکده آموزش علوم پایه، ابن‌الهیثم، دانشگاه بغداد، عراق.

10.22103/jab.2026.27185.1902

چکیده

چکیده
هدف: رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) یک گیاه معطر و دارویی چندساله مهم است که دارای ارزش اقتصادی، صنعتی و دارویی می‌باشد و به‌طور گسترده در صنایع داروسازی، غذایی و آرایشی استفاده می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی تأثیر اسید هیومیک و عصاره جلبک دریایی بر رشد، عملکرد، میزان اسانس و محتوای ترکیبات فعال رزماری بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش مزرعه‌ای در فصل زراعی 2024-2025 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده آموزش علوم پایه، ابن‌الهیثم، دانشگاه بغداد انجام شد. طرح آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی (RCBD) با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. عامل اول شامل اسید هیومیک در سه سطح (0، 1 و 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و عامل دوم شامل عصاره جلبک دریایی در سه سطح (0، 1 و 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) بود.
نتایج: افزودن اسید هیومیک تأثیر معنی‌داری بر بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی داشت؛ به‌طوری‌که تیمار 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بیشترین مقدار را در تعداد شاخه‌ها (696/6 شاخه در بوته)، طول ریشه (06/28 سانتی‌متر)، درصد اسانس در برگ‌ها (703/4%)، عملکرد اسانس در هر گیاه (3/297 میلی‌گرم) و محتوای ترکیب فعال 1,8-سینئول (9/765 میلی‌گرم) نشان داد. محلول‌پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی در غلظت 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نیز بیشترین تأثیر مثبت را بر اغلب صفات داشت؛ از جمله تعداد شاخه‌ها (784/6 شاخه در بوته)، طول ریشه (13/27 سانتی‌متر)، درصد اسانس (455/4%)، عملکرد اسانس (8/289 میلی‌گرم) و محتوای 1,8-سینئول (3/173 میلی‌گرم). اثر متقابل بین دو عامل نیز در بیشتر صفات معنی‌دار بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد همزمان اسید هیومیک و عصاره جلبک دریایی، به‌ویژه در غلظت 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، می‌تواند به‌طور قابل توجهی رشد رویشی، تولید زیست‌توده، درصد اسانس و محتوای 1,8-سینئول در رزماری را افزایش دهد. بنابراین استفاده از بیواستیمولانت‌های طبیعی می‌تواند بهره‌وری رزماری را افزایش داده و از کشاورزی پایدار حمایت کند.
کلمات کلیدی: 1,8-سینئول، اسانس، مواد هیومیکی، عصاره جلبک دریایی، Rosmarinus officinalis L.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of humic acid and seaweed extract on growth, yield and essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farah Najim Al-Deen Al-Nasrawi 1
  • Sara Mohammed Sadiq 2
  • Ghufran Alaa Al-Khazraji 3
1 National Center of Hematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
2 College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
3 College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Iraq
چکیده [English]

Objective
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a significant perennial aromatic and medicinal plant. It has economic, industrial, and medicinal value. This plant is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of humic acid and seaweed extract on growth, yield, essential oil and active compound content of rosemary.
Materials and methods
The field trial was implemented during the crop season 2024-2025 at the research station of College of Education for Pure Science, Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad. The trial implemented as factorial arrangement according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Factor A: Humic acid (0, 1 and 2 mg/L). The second factor assessed was the concentration of seaweed extract (0, 1 and 2 mg/L).
Results
The addition of humic acid significantly affected most of the measured traits, as the treatment of 2 mg/L achieved the highest average in the number of branches, reaching 6.696 branch/plant, root length 28.06 cm, the percentage of volatile oil in the leaves 4.703 %, the plant yield of essential oil 297.3 mg, and the leaf content of the active compound 765.9 mg Cineole. Spraying with seaweed extract at a concentration of 2 mg/L significantly outperformed by achieving the highest significant average in most of the measured traits. As the treatment of 2 mg/L achieved the highest average in the number of branches, reaching 6.784 branch/plant, root length 27.13 cm, the percentage of volatile oil in the leaves 4.455 %, the plant yield of essential oil 289.8 mg, and the leaf content of the active compound 773.3 mg Cineole. The interaction effect between the two study factors was significant in most of the studied traits.

Conclusion
The results of this study showed that the combined application of humic acid and seaweed extract (especially at a concentration of 2 mg/L) can significantly improve the vegetative growth, biomass production, essential oil percentage and 1,8-cineole content of rosemary plants. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of natural biostimulants can increase the productivity of rosemary and support sustainable agricultural practices.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cineole
  • Essential Oil
  • Humic substances
  • Rosmarinus officinalis L
  • seaweed extract

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