The study of genetic diversityof basil genotypes treated with salt stress using SCoT molecular marker

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Graduate Master of Science, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of basil using SCoT molecular markers and to identify markers associated with traits through regression analysis.
Materials and Methods
In this research, ten SCoT primers were used to investigate the genetic diversity of five basil genotypes under salinity stress conditions in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Environmental Sciences at the University of Graduate Studies and Advanced Technology in 2023. The experiment followed a split-plot design based on a completely randomized design, with salinity stress as the main factor and basil genotype as the secondary factor.
Results
The results showed that among the eight primers used, the highest polymorphism was observed, resulting in a total of 105 bands. Of these, 103 were polymorphic bands, with an average of 12.63 polymorphic bands per primer. Primer SCoT1 produced the highest number of bands with 17 bands, while primer SCoT28 had the lowest number of polymorphic bands with four bands. The polymorphism percentage in basil genotypes ranged from 85.71% to 100% across different primers, with an average polymorphism percentage of 96.52%. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.35 to 0.40, with an average of 0.38. Expected heterozygosity (EH) for SCoT markers ranged from 0.38 to 0.45, with a mean expected heterozygosity of 0.42. The marker index (MI) varied among SCoT markers, with primer SCoT11 showing the highest MI (0.38) and primer SCoT16 showing the lowest (0.20). The average heterozygosity (Havp) ranged from 0.03 to 0.07 for the studied markers. Primers SCoT28, followed by SCoT10, exhibited the highest average heterozygosity, indicating their high efficiency in detecting polymorphism.
The genetic diversity index of reed among the studied primers was 0.426 in the studied population. Primers SCoT1 and SCoT10 demonstrated the highest genetic diversity index values, highlighting their strong capacity to capture genetic diversity. The average Shannon coefficient for SCoT markers was 0.614, indicating a moderate level of diversity in the studied populations. SCoT1 and SCoT10 primers had the highest Shannon index values, respectively, confirming their ability to detect genetic variation. The number of effective alleles varied between 1.652 and 1.843, with an average of 1.769 in the studied population.
Conclusions
In general, the use of SCoT molecular markers proved to be a suitable method for investigating the genetic diversity of basil cultivars under environmental stress conditions, particularly salinity stress.

Keywords

References

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Agricultural Biotechnology Journal
Volume 17, Issue 1
March 2025
Pages 71-96

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