Molecular Study of F. gigantica Parasite Isolated from Slaughtered Cows and Buffaloes by COX1 Gene and Phylogenetic Tree Analysis in Nasiriyah City / Iraq

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Directorate of Education Dhi-Qar, Ministry of Education, Iraq

2 Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq.

3 Veterinary Directorate Dhi-Qar, Veterinary Hospitals

Abstract

Objectives
Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease caused by the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. These parasites primarily affect ruminants such as cattle and sheep but can also infect humans, making it a notable zoonosis. The disease is typically transmitted through the ingestion of water or vegetation contaminated with the larval stages of the parasite. Fasciolosis poses substantial economic and health challenges, particularly in regions where livestock farming is prevalent.
Materials and methods
In a recent study conducted in Nasiriyah, Iraq, 30 samples of Fasciola gigantica were isolated from infected cows and buffaloes at the central abattoir. The primary aim was to identify and characterize the common strains of F. gigantica present in these animals using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology. By focusing on gene sequences, particularly the Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 gene (COX1), researchers sought to compare these strains with those registered in the NCBI-BLAST database through phylogenetic tree analysis.
 
 
Results
The PCR technique successfully amplified DNA extracted from F. gigantica samples, enabling further genetic analysis. The study's results highlighted the genetic relationships between the Iraqi isolates and those from other regions. For instance, one isolate, identified as F. gigantica number 1 with the sequence number OQ152484, showed a 100% match with an Iranian isolate (OP903335) registered in the NCBI-BLAST GenBank. Another isolate, numbered OQ152485, was identical to a Turkish strain. Additionally, isolates 3 and 4 (OQ152486 and OQ152487) were closely related to Iranian isolates OQ070200 and OP903336, showing a similarity of 99.41% and 99.71%. Lastly, isolate number 5 (OQ152488) was found to be 99.41% identical to an Indian isolate (KU363230) recorded in the database.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the genetic diversity and potential geographic distribution of F. gigantica strains, emphasizing the importance of continued surveillance and genetic characterization to better understand the epidemiology of fasciolosis and inform control strategies.

Keywords

References

Abbas MM, Abooud KW, Qasim Mohammed A, et al. (2022) Effects of various irrigation levels and biochar-based fertilizers on peanut production. J Nuts 13 (4), 289-300.‏
Akin M, Özcan B, Cantekin Z, et al. (2020) Investigation of antiseptic resistance genes in Staphylococcus spp. isolates. Nat Eng Sci 5(3), 136-143.
Al Anazi AA, Barboza-Arenas LA, Romero-Parra RM, et al. (2023) Investigation and evaluation of the hybrid system of energy storage for renewable energies. Energies 16 (5), e2337.‏
Al-Dolaimy F, Kzar MH, Hussein SA, (2024) Incorporating of Cobalt into UiO-67 Metal–Organic Framework for Catalysis CO2 Transformations: An Efficient Bi-functional Approach for CO2 Insertion and Photocatalytic Reduction. J Inorg Organomet Polym 34(2), 864-873.
Al-Hawary SIS, Kadhum WR, Saleh EAM, et al. (2023) Tunneling induced swapping of orbital angular momentum in a quantum dot molecule. Laser Phys 33 (9), e096001.‏
Al-Jassani MJ, Sayah MA, Qasim MT, et al. (2022) Isolation and evaluation of antibacterial agents produced by soil Bacillus sp. and study some of their immunological parameters. Revista Electronica de Veterinaria 23 (4), 105-111.
Althomali RH, Al-Hawary SIS, Gehlot A, et al. (2023) A novel Pt-free counter electrode based on MoSe2 for cost effective dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs): Effect of Ni doping. J Phys Chem Solids 182, e111597.‏
Amiri Roudbar M, Mohammadabadi MR, Ayatollahi Mehrgardi A, et al. (2020) Integration of single nucleotide variants and whole-genome DNA methylation profiles for classification of rheumatoid arthritis cases from controls. Heredity 124 (5), 658-674.
Arif A, Alameri AA, Tariq UB, et al. (2023) The functions and molecular mechanisms of Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) implicated in the pathophysiology of cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 114, e109581.‏
Barazandeh A, Mohammadabadi MR, Ghaderi-Zefrehei M, Nezamabadipour H (2016a) Predicting CpG Islands and Their Relationship with Genomic Feature in Cattle by Hidden Markov Model Algorithm. Iran J Appl Anim Sci 6(3), 571-579.
Barazandeh A, Mohammadabadi MR, Ghaderi-Zefrehei M, Nezamabadipour H (2016b) Genome-wide analysis of CpG islands in some livestock genomes and their relationship with genomic features. Czech J Anim Sci 61, e487.
Bashar BS, Kareem HA, Hasan YM, et al. (2022) Application of novel Fe3O4/Zn-metal organic framework magnetic nanostructures as an antimicrobial agent and magnetic nanocatalyst in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Front Chem 10, e1014731.‏
Bordbar F, Mohammadabadi M, Jensen J, et al. (2022) Identification of candidate genes regulating carcass depth and hind leg circumference in simmental beef cattle using Illumina Bovine Beadchip and next-generation sequencing. Animals 12 (9), e1103.
Cosme A, Ojeda E, Cilla G, et al. (2001) study of a series of 37 patients. Gastroenterol Hepatol 24 (8), 375-380.
Dar Y, Amer S, Mercier A, et al. (2012) Molecular identification of Fasciola spp. (digenea: Fasciolidae) in Egypt. Parasite. J de la Société Française de Parasitologie 19 (2), e177.
De Matos LMM, Pile EA, Almada CHBA, et al. (2020) Distribuição geopolítica da Fasciolose hepática na ilha de Santiago. Cabo Verde 78, 435-437.
Dermauw V, Muchai J, Al Kappany Y, et al. (2021) Human fascioliasis in Africa: A systematic review. PLoS One 16(12), e0261166.
Ezzat RF, Karboli TA, Kasnazani KA, Hamawandi AM (2010) Endoscopic management of biliary fascioliasis: a case report. J Med Case Reports 4, e83.
Fattah FN, Babero BB, Karaghouli AA, Shaheen AS (1964) The zoonosis of animal parasites in iraq. x. a confirmed case of human ectopic fascioliasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 13, 291–294.
Gupta J, Suliman M, Ali R, et al. (2023) Double-edged sword role of miRNA-633 and miRNA-181 in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 248, e154701.‏
Hasanpour H, Falak R, Naddaf SR, et al. (2020) Molecular Characterization of Fasciola spp. from Some Parts of Iran. Iran J Public Health 49(1), 157-166.
Hawrami T (2004) Liver fluke causing Dilatation of Common Bile Duct. Basrah J Surg 10(1), 103-104.
Hawrami T (2010) Case report: Fasciola hepatica worm swims in the Gallbladder. Zanco J Med Sci 14 (2), 1-4.
Hjazi A, Ahsan M, Alghamdi MI, et al. (2023) Unraveling the Impact of 27-Hydroxycholesterol in Autoimmune Diseases: Exploring Promising Therapeutic Approaches. Pathol Res Pract 248, e154737.‏
Hjazi A, Nasir F, Noor R, et al. (2023) The pathological role of CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression; special focus on molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutics. Pathol Res Pract 248, e154616.‏
Hussein HA, Khudair SA, Alwan M, et al. (2022) Impact of pollution caused by salmon breeding centers on river water quality. Caspian J Environment Sci 20(5), 1039-1045.‏
Imani-Baran A, Yakhchali M, Malekzadeh Viayeh R, Farhangpajuh F (2011) Prevalence of cercariae infection in Lymnaea auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) in northwest of Iran. Vet Res Forum 2 (2), 21-127.
Jafari Ahmadabadi SAA, Askari-Hemmat H, Mohammadabadi M, et al. (2023) The effect of Cannabis seed on DLK1 gene expression in heart tissue of Kermani lambs. Agric Biotechnol J 15(1), 217-234.
Kabaalioglu A, Apaydin A, Sindel T, Luleci E (1999) US-guided gallbladder aspiration: a new diagnostic method for biliary fascioliasis. Eur Radiol 9(5), 880-882.
Lafta HA, AbdulHussein AH, Al-Shalah SA, et al. (2023) Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer Resistance; Modula-tion by Natural Products. Curr Top Med Chem 23(12), 1104-1122.‏
Lei Z, Alwan M, Alamir HTA, et al. (2022) Detection of abemaciclib, an anti-breast cancer agent, using a new electrochemical DNA biosensor. Front Chem 10, e980162.‏
Margiana R, Alsaikhan F, Al-Awsi GRL, et al. (2022) Functions and therapeutic interventions of non-coding RNAs associated with TLR signaling pathway in atherosclerosis. Cell Signall 100, e110471.‏
Mohamadipoor L, Mohammadabadi M, Amiri Z, et al. (2021) Signature selection analysis reveals candidate genes associated with production traits in Iranian sheep breeds. BMC Vet Res 17(1), 1-9.
Mohammadabadi M, Golkar A, Askari Hesni M (2023) The effect of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on insulin-like growth factor 1 gene expression in the rumen tissue of Kermani sheep. Agric Biotechnol J 15(4), 239-256.
Mohammadabadi M, Kheyrodin H, Afanasenko V, et al. (2024) The role of artificial intelligence in genomics. Agric Biotechnol J 16 (2), 195-279.
Mohammadabadi M, Masoudzadeh SH, Khezri A, et al. (2021) Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder increases Delta-Like Non-Canonical Notch Ligand 1 gene expression in testis, liver, and humeral muscle tissues of growing lambs. Heliyon 7(12), e08542.
Mohammadabadi MR, Tohidinejad F (2017) Charachteristics determination of Rheb gene and protein in Raini Cashmere goat. Iran J Appl Anim Sci 7(2), 289-295.
Mohammadinejad F, Mohammadabadi M, Roudbari Z, Sadkowski T (2022) Identification of Key Genes and Biological Pathways Associated with Skeletal Muscle Maturation and Hypertrophy in Bos taurus, Ovis aries, and Sus scrofa. Animals 12(24), e3471.
Mohammed AB, Mustafa A, Issa AR, Mero WM (2016) Molecular Characterization of Fasciola Spp. Isolated From the Gallbladder of Infected Cattle in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region Iraq. Sci J Univ Zakho 4(1), 37-42.
Muhammad MJ, Hassan Z (2021) Molecular diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica in livestock using cox1 gene in Erbil province-Kurdistan region/Iraq. Zanco J Pure Appl Sci 33(4), 36-42.
Muzammil K, Kzar MH, Mohammed F, et al. (2023) Methanol extract of Iraqi Kurdistan Region Daphne mucronata as a potent source of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents for the synthesis of novel and bioactive polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers. Front Chem 11, e1287870.
Nolan MJ, Cribb TH (2005) The use and implications of ribosomal DNA sequencing for the discrimination of digenean species. Adv Parasitol 60, 101-163.
Olaogun SC, Byaruhanga C, Ochai SO, Olaogun, SC (2022) Comparison of Three Diagnostic Methods to Detect the Occurrence of Fasciola Species in Communally Grazed Cattle in the North West Province, South Africa. Pathogens 11(12), e1398.
Over HJJVP (1982) Ecological basis of parasite control: trematodes with special reference to fascioliasis Vet Parasitol 11(1), 85-97.
Safaei SMH, Dadpasand M, Mohammadabadi M, et al. (2022) An Origanum majorana Leaf Diet Influences Myogenin Gene Expression, Performance, and Carcass Characteristics in Lambs. Animals 13(1), e14.
Sane S, Mahoori A, Abdulabbas HS, et al. (2023) Investigating the effect of pregabalin on postoperative pain in non-emergency craniotomy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 226, e107599.‏
Schweizer G, Braun U, Deplazes P, Torgerson PR (2005) Estimating the financial losses due to bovine fasciolosis in Switzerland. Vet Rec 157(7), 188-193.
Shalaby I, YJTb Gherbawy (2013) Molecular Characterization of Fasciola sp. isolated from imported sheep in Taif region (Saudi Arabia). Trop Biomed 30(1), 1-12.
Shokri S, Khezri A, Mohammadabadi M, Kheyrodin H (2023). The expression of MYH7 gene in femur, humeral muscle and back muscle tissues of fattening lambs of the Kermani breed. Agric Biotechnol J 15(2), 217-236.
Simsek SA, Utuk AE, Balkaya I (2011) Molecular differentiation of Turkey cattle isolates of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. Helminthologia 48, 3-7.
Stecher G, Tamura K, Kumar S (2020) Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) for macOS. Mol Biol Evol 37(4), 1237-1239.
Surendar A, Veerappan S, Sadulla S, Arvinth N (2024) Lung cancer segmentation and detection using KMP algorithm. Onkologia i Radioterapia 18(4), 1-6.
Tamura K, Nei M, Kumar S (2004) Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proc Natl Acad Sci 101(30), 11030-11035.
Tamura K, Stecher G, Kumar S (2021) MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11. Mol Biol Evol 38(7), 3022-3027.
Zaman GS, Waleed I, Obeid RA, et al. (2023) Electrochemical determination of zearalenone in agricultural food samples using a flower like nanocomposite-modified electrode. Mate Chem Phys 305, e127986.
Ze L, Al-dolaimy F, Sajadi SM, et al. (2023) The effect of number of nanoparticles on atomic behavior and aggregation of CuO/water nanofluid flow in microchannels using molecular dynamics simulation. Eng Sci Technol Int J 47, e101556.
Agricultural Biotechnology Journal
Volume 16, Issue 2
June 2024
Pages 296-312

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics