Genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation and removing soil contaminants in agricultural environments

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of CS & IT, Kalinga University, Raipur, India

2 Department of CS & IT, Kalinga University, Raipur, India.

Abstract

Objectives
Environmental contamination and its mitigation are significant global challenges. A wide range of contaminants (CM), including pesticides, hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and dyes, are the primary contributors to environmental contamination. Removal of these contaminants can pose significant problems because such efforts often lead to additional release of contaminants into the aqueous environment. Bioremediation (BR) is a very effective technology for reducing environmental CMs and restoring damaged sites to their original conditions. Only a limited amount of cultivable Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) has been used, while a vast array of microbial diversity still needs to be explored.
 
Materials and methods
A range of BR techniques have been extensively employed to improve the ability of GEMs to metabolize substances and restore ecological balance by breaking down persistent CM. These include chemotaxis, bio-stimulation, bioaugmentation, biofilm formation, the application of GEMs, and sophisticated omics methods.
 
Results
There has been significant progress in understanding how bacteria effectively break down and clean up environmental contamination. GEMs aid in the remediation of polluted environments by efficiently decomposing waste materials ecologically soundly and generating harmless by-products.
 
Conclusions
The understanding of the dangerous effects of various chemical CMs has led to an increase in research efforts to develop remediation technologies that can effectively eradicate these CMs. BR is a safe, cost-effective, and sustainable procedure that enhances the biological process of biological degradation to eliminate CMs. Thus, to expand the knowledge of the communities of bacteria and their response to environmental CMs, it is crucial to have a deeper comprehension of molecular genetics. This will enable the researchers to boost the CM degradation capabilities of the most successful species. BR is a process that creates a route towards a more sustainable and pollution-free earth.

Keywords

References

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Agricultural Biotechnology Journal
Volume 16, Issue 3
September 2024
Pages 155-170

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