Assessment of expression pattern of some antioxidant and dehydrin genes in durum wheat genotypes under water deficit conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Department of Plant breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Sararood Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.

4 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.

10.22103/jab.2024.24084.1619

Abstract

Abstract
Objective
Drought stress is one of the most important environmental stresses that has negative effects on plant growth and development, as well as finally yield performance. Durum wheat has a wide range of adaptability in the Mediterranean regions, where the water deficit is a main challenge to achieving high productivity. In the present study, to investigate the molecular response of some selected durum wheat genotypes from breeding programs, the expression patterns of some antioxidant genes such as catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with two dehydrin genes including TdDHN16 and TdDHN15 were assessed under control, moderate, severe water deficit stress treatments.
Materials and methods
In the present study, the effects of different water deficit treatments on expression patterns of CAT, APX, GPX, SOD, TdDHN16, and TdDHN15 genes in six promising durum wheat genotypes along with a check cultivar (Zahab) were evaluated. The experiment was performed in an optimal growth conditions in an experimental glasshouse, and water deficit treatments were determined based on the filed capacity method. After seedling establishment and applying stress treatment (21-days), plants were subjected to sampling and the relative expression for targeted genes was estimated as proposed by Livak and Schmittgen (2001).
Results
According to results of combined analysis of variance, the significant differences were observed between water deficit stress treatments, genotypes, and their interaction in terms of relative expression of all studied genes. The highest increasing expression was observed in the moderate treatment for APX, GPX, and SOD genes and in the severe treatment for APX, TdDHN15, and GPX genes. A comparison of the expression patterns of studied genes revealed that tolerant genotypes (G2, G4, and G5) along with check cultivar (Zahab) showed highest relative expression than other genotypes. Hence, it seems that these genotypes have a high ability against oxidative stress.
Conclusion
Our results showed that the genotype G2 due to high ability in regulation of relative expression of antioxidant and dehydrin genes under water deficit stress treatments. Thus, complementary physiological and biochemical assays as well as evaluation of grain yield under field conditions of this genotype could provide useful information regarding to use of it as a drought-tolerant parent in breeding programs with emphasis on the transfer of desirable agronomic features.

Keywords

References

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Agricultural Biotechnology Journal
Volume 16, Issue 4
January 2025
Pages 189-208

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