Detection of some species of intestinal parasitic infection in Iraqi sheep Ovis aries

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq

Abstract

Objective
Intestinal parasitic infections pose a significant threat to the health and productivity of livestock, particularly sheep (Ovis aries), which play a crucial role in the agricultural economy and food security. These infections can lead to poor growth, reduced wool and meat production, and increased susceptibility to other diseases. Identifying the prevalence and types of intestinal parasites in sheep is essential for effective disease control and management. This study aims to investigate the intestinal parasites affecting Iraqi sheep in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, determine their infection rates, and assess the influence of age on susceptibility to infection.

Materials and Methods
A total of 123 fecal samples were randomly collected from sheep in various areas of Al-Diwaniyah Governorate between September 2023 and March 2024. The samples were stored at 4°C until microscopic examination. Parasitological analysis was conducted using direct smear, iodine staining, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining techniques.

Results
The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 65.85%. Six distinct types of intestinal parasites were identified in the fecal samples: three protozoan species—Eimeria sp. (43.90%), Cryptosporidium sp. (39.02%), and Tetrahymena spp. (14.63%)—and three helminth species—Trichostrongylus sp. (26.02%), Haemonchus sp. (21.95%), and Moniezia sp. (13.01%). A statistically significant difference was observed between the highest infection rate of Eimeria sp. (43.90%) and the lowest infection rate of Moniezia sp. (13.01%). Additionally, age was significantly associated with infection prevalence, with the highest rate (72.0%) observed in sheep aged one to three years, compared to 56.25% in lambs under one year.

Conclusions
This study highlights a high prevalence (65.85%) of intestinal parasites in Iraqi sheep, with Eimeria sp. being the most common protozoan and Trichostrongylus sp. the most frequently detected helminth. The findings indicate a significant correlation between age and infection rates, with higher prevalence in sheep aged one to three years. These results emphasize the need for targeted parasite control programs, including age-specific prevention and treatment strategies, to mitigate the impact of parasitic infections on sheep health and productivity.

Keywords

References

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Agricultural Biotechnology Journal
Volume 17, Issue 1
March 2025
Pages 213-230

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