بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌های انجیر منطقه استهبان بر اساس صفات ریخت‌شناسی و نشانگرهای مولکولی SCoT

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران

4 استادیار، ایستگاه تحقیقات انجیر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، استهبان، ایران

5 استادیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات، پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته‌ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

هدف: انجیر (Ficus carica) یک درخت خزان‌کننده می‌باشد که در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک کشت می‌شود. انجیر به‌عنوان یک محصول مهم، در چند دهه اخیر به دلیل بروز تنش‌های زنده و غیرزنده دچار فرسایش ژنتیکی شده است. هدف از این تحقیق تعیین تنوع ژنتیکی ژنوتیپ‌های موجود در استهبان با استفاده از صفات ریخت‌شناسی و نشانگر مولکولی Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، تعداد 16 ژنوتیپ انجیر در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار از لحاظ صفات ریخت‌شناسی آن‌ها ارزیابی گردیدند. همچنین DNA ژنومی آن‌ها از برگ استخراج گردید و تنوع ژنوتیپی ژنوتیپ‌ها بر اساس 10 آغازگر SCoT بررسی شد.
نتایج: تجزیه واریانس تفاوت معنی‌داری بین صفات نشان داد و همچنین تجزیه خوشه‌ای بر اساس صفات ریخت‌شناسی، ژنوتیپ‌ها را در پنج گروه قرار داد. هشت آغازگر در مجموع تعداد 50 نوار چندشکل تکثیر کردند و SCoT12 و SCoT11 به ترتیب با 13 و 9 نوار چندشکل، بیشترین نوار رو تولید کردند. محتوای اطلاعات چندشکل (PIC) برای نشانگر SCoT بین 3423/0 تا 3791/0 با میانگین 3595/0 متغیر بود. تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش جفت گروه بدون وزن با میانگین حسابی و معیار شباهت گاور بر اساس داده‌های SCoT، 16 ژنوتیپ انجیر را در چهار گروه قرار دادند. گروه بندی بر اساس روش بیزی ژنوتیپ‌ها را در نه گروه قرار داد اگرچه ژنوتیپ‌ها تمایز نداشتند و مخلوطی از هر نه گروه بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از آن است که کاربرد نشانگر SCoT دارای مزیت بالایی بوده و نقش بسزایی در تفکیک و تمایز ژنوتیپ‌های انجیر دارد نشانگر مولکولی SCoT و صفات ریخت‌شناسی تنوع بالایی را میان ژنوتیپ‌ها نشان داده‌اند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این پژوهش نشان‌دهنده وجود تنوع ژنتیکی بالا در خزانه ژنتیکی ارقام انجیر استهبان هست که با حفاظت از این منبع غنی می‌توان از آن‌ها در اجرای برنامه‌های به‌نژادی بهره برد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity of Estahban region fig genotypes based on morphological traits and SCoT molecular markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elaheh Ranjbaran 1
  • Mehdi Rahimi 2
  • Maryam Abdolinasab 3
  • Hamid Zare 4
  • Mojtaba Kordrostami 5
1 MSc Student, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Fig Research Station, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Estahban, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding, Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective
Fig (Ficus carica) is a deciduous tree that is grown in arid and semi-arid regions. Figs, as an important crop, have undergone genetic erosion in recent decades due to living and non-living stresses. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of genotypes in Estahban using morphological traits and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) molecular markers.
 
 
Materials and methods
In this study, 16 fig genotypes were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replications based on their morphological traits. Also, their genomic DNA was extracted from leaves and the genotypic diversity of genotypes based on 10 SCoT primers was examined.
Results
Variance analysis showed a significant difference between traits, and cluster analysis based on morphological traits placed the genotypes in five groups. Eight primers amplified a total of 50 polymorphic bands, and SCoT12 and SCoT11 produced the most bands with 13 and 9 polymorphic bands, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) for the SCoT primers varied between 0.3423 and 0.3791 with an average of 0.3595. Cluster analysis by UPGMA and Gower similarity criterion based on SCoT data, 16 fig genotypes were placed in four groups. The grouping based on the Bayesian method placed the genotypes in nine groups, although the genotypes were not differentiated and were a mixture of all nine groups.
Conclusions
The results indicate that the use of SCoT marker has a high advantage and plays an important role in the differentiation of fig genotypes. In general, it can be said that SCoT molecular markers and morphological traits have shown high diversity among genotypes. In general, the results obtained from this study indicate the existence of high genetic diversity in the germplasm of Estahban fig cultivars, which can be used in breeding programs by protecting this rich germplasm source.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bayesian
  • Polymorphic
  • Coefficient of variation

مراجع

عسکری ناهید، باقی‌زاده امین، محمدآبادی محمدرضا (1389). مطالعه تنوع ژنتیکی در چهار جمعیت بز کرکی راینی با استفاده از نشانگرهای ISSR. مجله ژنتیک نوین 5، 56-49.
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محمدی‌فر آمنه، محمدآبادی محمدرضا (1390). کاربرد نشانگرهای ریزماهواره برای مطالعه ژنوم گوسفند کرمانی. مجله علوم دامی ایران 42 (4) 344-337.
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مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی
دوره 14، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 45-68

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