بررسی اثر معرفی ژن‌های lc و fas بر اندام‌های گل در پس‌زمینه ژنتیکی گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی از طریق اینترگرسیون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی - دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان-کرمان- ایران

2 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

3 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: گوجه فرنگی (lycopersicum L. Solanum)‏ دارای دو واریته گیاهشناسی cerasiforme و lycopersicum است. طی فرآیند اهلی سازی تغییر در برخی ژن‌های کلیدی ویژگی‌های اندام گل را در این گیاه تغییر داده و به اعتقاد بسیاری از محققان موجب ایجاد واریته lycopersicum از واریته گیلاسی (S. lycopersicum var cerasiforme) شده است. هدف این مطالعه انتقال ژن‌های lc و fas به پس زمینه ژنتیکی گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی و بررسی تأثیر این دو مکان ژنی بر ویژگی‌های اندام‌های گل است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این بررسی ژن‌های lc و fas از لاین p-22 از طریق تلاقی برگشتی به کمک نشانگر به لاین گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی با نام لاین p-33 انتقال داده شد. گزینش در هر نسل تلاقی برگشتی با استفاده از نشانگر‌های مولکولی اختصاصی برای آلل‌های اهلی جهش‌یافته انجام شد. تلاقی برگشتی تا نسل BC3F1 ادامه یافت. از خودگشنی این نسل BC3F2 تولید و لاین‌های ایزوژن نزدیک (NILs) هموزیگوت برای بررسی اثرات ژن‌های lc و fas در زمینه ژنتیکی لاین p-33، ایجاد گردید. سپس بررسی صفات گل شامل تعداد گلبرگ،کاسبرگ، پرچم، قطر میوه اولیه و تعداد حجره انجام شد.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که ژن‌ fas بر صفات تعداد کاسبرگ، گلبرگ و پرچم در سطح 5 درصد و صفات تعداد حجره و قطر میوه اولیه در سطح یک درصد تأثیر معنی‌داری داشتند. به طوری که تعداد کاسبرگ‌ها، گلبرگ‌ها و پرچم‌ها در ایزوژن‌های حاوی fas نسبت به لاین p-33 به ترتیب 28/31، 79/36 و 48/40 درصد افزایش نشان دادند. تعداد حجره‌ها در ایزوژن‌های حاوی lc و fas نسبت به لاین p-33 به ترتیب افزایش 88/37 و 64/47 درصدی داشتند. علاوه بر این قطر میوه اولیه نیز در ایزوژن‌های حاوی lc و fas نسبت به لاین p-33 به ترتیب با 91/14 و 81/11 درصد افزایش همراه بود. همچنین اثر مکان‌های ژنی lc و fas بر ابعاد گل معنی‌دار بود و افزایش قابل توجهی در NILهای حامل ژن lc و fas نسبت به لاین p-33 مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این پژوهش مؤید نقش چشمگیر دو مکان ژنی lc و fas بر ویژگی‌های اندام زایشی گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی بود. همچنین نشان داد که این دو ژن نقش کلیدی در پدید آمدن واریته S. lycopersicum var. lycopersicum از واریته S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of lc and fas genes on flower organs in cherry tomato genetic background via introgression

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Kakoeei Nejad 1
  • Mehdi Mohayeji 2
  • Ali Akbar Maghsoudi Moud 3
1 Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
3 Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is divided into two botanical varieties cerasiforme and lycopersicum. Many researchers believe that during domestication process, some changes in key genes governing flower properties in cherry tomato (S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) led to the development of the variety lycopersicum. The aim of this research was transferring lc and fas genes to the cherry tomato genetic background and assessment the effects of these two loci on flower characteristics in cherry tomato background.
 
Materials and methods
In this survey the genes lc and fas were transferred to a cherry tomato line p-33 via marker-assisted backcrossing. In each back cross generation, mutated alleles were chosen using specific molecular markers. Backcrossing was continued up to BC3F1. Afterward, the generation BC3F2 was produced and homozygote near-isogenic lines (NILs) were generated for assessment of genes lc and fas in p-33 genetic background. The flower traits including the number of petals, number of sepals, number of stamens, primary fruit weight and locule number were measured.
 
 
Results
The results showed that the effects of genes lc and fas on the trait's number of petals, sepals, and stamens were statistically significant at 5% level. While the effects of the mentioned genes on the rest of traits was significant at 1% level. The number of sepals, petals, and stamens in NILs-fas increased 31.28%, 36.79%, and 40.48% with respect to line p-33, respectively. Also, the number of locules increased in NILs-lc and NILs-fas with respect to line p-33 (37.88% and 47.63% respectively). Moreover, the primary fruit diameter showed increment in NILs-lc and NILs-fas respect to line p-33 (14.91% and 11.81% respectively). lc and fas loci had also a magnificent effect on flower size and showed incredible increase in NILs-lc and NILs-fas respect to line p-33.
 
Conclusions
The result of this study displayed that lc and fas genes have dramatic effect of in flower characteristics of tomato var. cerasiforme. The results also showed that the studied genes had key role in giving rise to S. lycopersicum var. lycopersicum form S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme during tomato domestication.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Near Isogenic lines
  • Back crossing
  • Major genes
  • Marker assisted selection
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