ارزیابی سیتوتوکسیک In vitro ترکیبات بیواکتیو مشتق‌شده از Talaromyces minioluteus

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم آزمایشگاهی بالینی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه بصره، بصره، عراق.

2 دانشکده داروشناسی و گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه بصره، بصره، عراق.

چکیده

هدف: شیوع سرطان اخیراً در سطح جهانی افزایش یافته است، که این امر بر اهمیت بررسی داروهای ضدسرطانی جدید، کارآمدتر و ایمن‌تر تأکید می‌کند. گونه‌های مختلف Talaromyces متابولیت‌های بیواکتیو با پتانسیل بالا مانند فنولیک‌ها، پلی‌فنول‌ها، استروئیدها، ترپنوئیدها، آنتراکینون‌ها و آلکالوئیدها را فراهم می‌کنند که می‌توانند به طور گسترده در کاربردهای پزشکی مختلف استفاده شوند. با این حال، پتانسیل دارویی کامل این گونه‌ها، به ویژه آن‌هایی که از خاک جدا شده‌اند، به طور کامل مستند نشده است. هدف این مطالعه تعیین سمیت سلولی متابولیت‌های ثانویه یک سویه جدا شده Talaromyces است.
مواد و روش‌ها: سویه قارچی جدا شده با استفاده از تحلیل‌های مولکولی و مورفولوژیکی شناسایی و تأیید شد. علاوه بر این، کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا (HPLC) برای شناسایی متابولیت‌های ثانویه قارچ جدا شده انجام شد. روش MTT برای ارزیابی فعالیت سیتوتوکسیک in vitro عصاره‌های خام قارچ جدا شده در برابر کارسینوم ریه انسانی (A549)، کارسینوم کولورکتال (SW480) و فیبروبلاست‌های درمال طبیعی (HDFn) استفاده شد.
نتایج: هویت قارچی به عنوان Talaromyces minioluteus با تحلیل مورفولوژیکی و مولکولی مبتنی بر ITS تأیید شد. HPLC چندین ترکیب بیواکتیو را در عصاره‌های خام قارچ جدا شده شناسایی کرد. عصاره خام Talaromyces minioluteus اثرات ضدسرطانی علیه A549 و SW480 نشان داد، که مقادیر IC50 آن 5/62 میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر برای A549 و 2/78 میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر برای SW480 بود. IC50 برای HDFn طبیعی بالاتر (بیشتر از ۲۰۰ میکروگرم بر میلی‌لیتر) بود، که سمیت سلولی بالا علیه سلول‌های کارسینوم ریه و کولورکتال را نشان می‌دهد.
نتیجه‌گیری: عصاره خام Talaromyces minioluteus سمیت سلولی بالایی علیه سلول‌های کارسینوم ریه و کولورکتال دارد. وجود متابولیت‌های ثانویه مسئول این اثر است، زیرا نقش اصلی آن‌ها در القای آپوپتوز و مهار رشد تومور است. بر اساس نتایج فعلی، Talaromyces minioluteus به عنوان منبع ارزشمندی از متابولیت‌های بیواکتیو در نظر گرفته می‌شود. تحقیقات بیشتری بر روی این قارچ جدا شده باید انجام شود تا مکانیسم‌های زیربنایی که متابولیت‌های بیواکتیو اثرات خود را اعمال می‌کنند، بررسی شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

In vitro cytotoxic evaluation of bioactive compounds derived from Talaromyces minioluteus

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kawther Tuma Khalaf 1
  • Zainab Tuama Al-Dallee 2
  • Rawaa Salim Al-Mayyahi 1
1 Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
چکیده [English]

Objective
The prevalence of cancer has recently been increasing globally, highlighting the importance of investigation for new, more efficient and safer anticancer drugs. Different species of Talaromyces provide high-potential bioactive metabolites, such as phenolic, polyphenols, steroids, terpenoids, anthraquinones and alkaloids that can be widely used in several medical applications. However, the full pharmaceutical potential of such species, particularly those isolated from soil, is not fully documented. The aim of this study is to determine the cytotoxicity of the secondary metabolites of an isolated Talaromyces strain.
Materials and methods
The isolated fungal strain was identified and confirmed by both molecular and morphological analyses. Further, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was carried out to detect the secondary metabolites of isolated fungus. The MTT method was used to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic activity of the crude extracts of isolated fungus against human lung carcinoma (A549), colorectal carcinoma (SW480), and normal dermal fibroblasts (HDFn).
Results
The fungal identity as Talaromyces minioluteus was confirmed by morphological and ITS- based molecular analysis. HPLC detected several bioactive compounds in the crude extracts of isolated fungus. The crude extract of Talaromyces minioluteus was observed to have anticancer effects against A549 and SW480, the values of IC50 were 62.5 µg/mL for A549 and 78.2 µg/mL for SW480. The IC50 for normal HDFn was higher (>200 µg/mL), showing the high cytotoxicity against lung and colorectal carcinoma cells.
Conclusions
The crude extract of Talaromyces minioluteus has a high cytotoxicity against lung and colorectal carcinoma cells. The presence of secondary metabolites is responsible for this effect due to their main roles in apoptosis induction and tumour growth inhibition. Based on the current results, Talaromyces minioluteus is considered a valuable source of bioactive metabolites. Further research on this isolated fungus should be undertaken to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which bioactive metabolites exert their impacts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioactive compounds
  • cytotoxic activity
  • high-performance liquid chromatography
  • molecular identification
  • Talaromyces minioluteus
Asgharian, P., Pirpour Tazekand, A., Hosseini, K., Forouhandeh, H., & Ghasemnejad, T. (2022). Potential mechanisms of quercetin in cancer prevention: Focus on cellular and molecular targets. Cancer Cell International, 22, Article 266. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-022-02677-w
Bahi, M. S., & Mustafa Shekhany, K. A. (2023). Isolation and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. from pediatric patients in Kurdistan of Iraq. Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research, 8(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2023.1.5
Chen, C., Sun, W.-J., Liu, X., Wei, M., Liang, Y.-H., Wang, J., Zhu, H.-C., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Anti-inflammatory spiroaxane and drimane sesquiterpenoids from Talaromyces minioluteus (Penicillium minioluteum). Bioorganic Chemistry, 91, Article 103166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103166
Ebaya, M. M. A., El-Mowafy, M., Adel El-Sokkary, M. M., & Hassan, R. (2020). Purification, characterization, and biocatalytic and antibiofilm activity of a novel dextranase from Talaromyces sp. International Journal of Microbiology, 2020, Article 9198048. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9198048
Hashemzaei, M., Delaram, A. H., Rezaie, A., Heravi, R. E., Tabrizian, K., Taghdisi, S. M., Ekhitiari Sadeghi, S., Tsarouhas, K., Kouretas, D., Tzanakakis, G., Nikitovic, D., Anisimov, N. Y., Spandidos, D. A., Tsatsakis, A. M., & Rezaee, R. (2017). Anticancer and apoptosis-inducing effects of quercetin in vitro and in vivo. Oncology Reports, 38(2), 819–828. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5766
Kaur, A., Raja, H. A., Swenson, D. C., Agarwal, R., Deep, G., Falkinham, J. O., III, & Oberlies, N. H. (2016). Talarolutins A–D: Meroterpenoids from an endophytic fungal isolate of Talaromyces minioluteus. Phytochemistry, 126, 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.013
Khabiri, A., Toroghi, R., Mohammadabadi, M., & Tabatabaeizadeh, S. E. (2023). Introduction of a Newcastle disease virus challenge strain (sub-genotype VII.1.1) isolated in Iran. Veterinary Research Forum, 14(4), Article e221. https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2022.548152.3373
Kundur, S., Prayag, A., Selvakumar, P., Nguyen, H., McKee, L., Cruz, C., Srinivasan, A., Shoyele, S., & Lakshmikuttyamma, A. (2019). Synergistic anticancer action of quercetin and curcumin against triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234(7), 11103–11118. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27761
Lan, D., & Wu, B. (2020). Chemistry and bioactivities of secondary metabolites from the genus Talaromyces. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 17(8), Article e2000229. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000229
Lei, L.-R., Gong, L.-Q., Jin, M.-Y., Wang, R., Liu, R., Gao, J., Liu, M.-D., Huang, L., Wang, G.-Z., Wang, D., & Deng, Y. (2022). Research advances in the structures and biological activities of secondary metabolites from Talaromyces. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13, Article 984801. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.984801
Lewandowska, U., Gorlach, S., Owczarek, K., Hrabec, E., & Szewczyk, K. (2014). Synergistic interactions between anticancer chemotherapeutics and phenolic compounds and anticancer synergy between polyphenols. Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej, 68, 528–540. https://doi.org/10.5604/17322693.1102278
Macheleidt, J., Mattern, D. J., Fischer, J., Netzker, T., Weber, J., Schroeckh, V., Valiante, V., & Brakhage, A. A. (2016). Regulation and role of fungal secondary metabolites. Annual Review of Genetics, 50, 371–392. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-035203
Newman, D. J., & Cragg, G. M. (2016). Natural products as sources of new drugs from 1981 to 2014. Journal of Natural Products, 79(3), 629–661. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01055
Nicoletti, R., Salvatore, M. M., & Andolfi, A. (2018). Secondary metabolites of mangrove-associated strains of Talaromyces. Marine Drugs, 16(1), Article 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16010012
Pyrri, I., Visagie, C. M., Soccio, P., & Houbraken, J. (2021). Re-evaluation of the taxonomy of Talaromyces minioluteus. Journal of Fungi, 7(11), Article 993. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7110993
Nilsson, R. H., Larsson, K.-H., Taylor, A. F. S., Bengtsson-Palme, J., Jeppesen, T. S., Schigel, D., Kennedy, P., Picard, K., Glöckner, F. O., Tedersoo, L., Saar, I., Kõljalg, U., & Abarenkov, K. (2019). The UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi: Handling dark taxa and parallel taxonomic classifications. Nucleic Acids Research, 47(D1), D259–D264. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gky1022
Schoch, C. L., Seifert, K. A., Huhndorf, S., Robert, V., Spouge, J. L., Levesque, C. A., Chen, W., Bolchacova, E., Voigt, K., Crous, P. W., Miller, A. N., Wingfield, M. J., Aime, M. C., Smith, M. D., Barber, D., Baschien, C., Beguin, H., Cai, L., Damm, U., ... Schindel, D. (2012). Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(16), 6241–6246. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117018109
Soleimanizadeh, M., Yavari, A., & Mahmoodi, Y. (2025). Evaluation of some secondary metabolites, morphophysiological and biochemical characteristics of Calendula officinalis L. under the influence of chitosan elicitor in in vitro culture. Agricultural Biotechnology Journal, 17(2), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.22103/jab.2025.24064.1618
Tang, L., Xia, J., Chen, Z., Lin, F., Shao, Z., Wang, W., & Hong, X. (2024). Cytotoxic and antibacterial meroterpenoids isolated from the marine-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. M27416. Marine Drugs, 22(4), Article 186. https://doi.org/10.3390/md22040186
Tang, Q., Ji, F., Wang, J., Guo, L., Li, Y., & Bao, Y. (2017). Quercetin exerts synergetic anti-cancer activity with 10-hydroxy camptothecin. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 109, 223–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2017.08.013
van de Loosdrecht, A. A., Beelen, R. H. J., Ossenkoppele, G. J., Broekhoven, M. G. van, & Langenhuijsen, M. M. A. C. (1994). A tetrazolium-based colorimetric MTT assay to quantitate human monocyte mediated cytotoxicity against leukemic cells from cell lines and patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Journal of Immunological Methods, 174(1–2), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(94)90034-5
Wadhwa, K., Kapoor, N., Kaur, H., Abu-Seer, E. A., Tariq, M., Siddiqui, S., Lone, S. A., Khan, S., ... Alghamdi, S. (2024). A comprehensive review of the diversity of fungal secondary metabolites and their emerging applications in healthcare and environment. Mycobiology, 52(6), 335–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/12298093.2024.2416736
Wang, W., Wan, X., Liu, J., Wang, J., Zhu, H., Chen, C., & Zhang, Y. (2018). Two new terpenoids from Talaromyces purpurogenus. Marine Drugs, 16(5), Article 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16050150
White, T. J., Bruns, T. D., Lee, S. B., & Taylor, J. W. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sninsky, & T. J. White (Eds.), PCR protocols: A guide to methods and applications (pp. 315–322). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1
Wu, H., Wu, L., Wang, J., Zhu, Q., Lin, S., Xu, J., Zheng, C., Chen, J., Qin, X., Fang, C., Zhang, Z., Azeem, S., & Lin, W. (2016). Mixed phenolic acids mediated proliferation of pathogens Talaromyces helicus and Kosakonia sacchari in continuously monocultured Radix pseudostellariae rhizosphere soil. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, Article 335. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00335
Yilmaz, N., Visagie, C. M., Houbraken, J., Frisvad, J. C., & Samson, R. A. (2014). Polyphasic taxonomy of the genus Talaromyces. Studies in Mycology, 78, 175–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.08.001
Zhai, M. M., Li, J., Jiang, C. X., Shi, Y.-P., Di, D.-L., Crews, P., & Wu, Q.-X. (2016). The bioactive secondary metabolites from Talaromyces species. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 6(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13659-015-0081-3
Zhang, D., Wang, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Wang, Y., Guo, T., & Sun, Y. (2023). New dipyrroloquinones from a plant-derived endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. Molecules, 28(23), Article 7847. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237847