اثرات مکمل‌یاری با اشعه فرابنفش B بر عملکرد تولیدی، کیفیت تخم و ویژگی‌های میکروبی پوسته تخم در بلدرچین ژاپنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه تولیدات دامی، دانشگاه بصره، عراق

2 گروه پژوهش‌های محصولات طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات فنی، دانشگاه فنی شمال، موصل، عراق

10.22103/jab.2026.27224.1907

چکیده

هدف: هدف این مطالعه ارزیابی تأثیر افزودن تابش فرابنفش B (UVB) به برنامه نوری بر عملکرد تولیدی در مرحله پرورش، عملکرد تخم‌گذاری، ویژگی‌های کیفیت تخم و خصوصیات میکروبی پوسته تخم در بلدرچین ژاپنی (Coturnix japonica) بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: تعداد 180 جوجه بلدرچین یک‌روزه به‌صورت تصادفی در چهار تیمار آزمایشی با سه تکرار در هر تیمار و 15 پرنده در هر تکرار تقسیم شدند. گروه شاهد تنها در معرض برنامه نوری پایه LED قرار گرفت. سه گروه دیگر مکمل UVB باریک‌باند (315-305 نانومتر) را به مدت 60، 90 یا 120 دقیقه در روز دریافت کردند. برای این منظور از لامپ‌های Philips TL 20W/01 RS که در ارتفاع 40 سانتی‌متری بالای پرندگان نصب شده بودند استفاده شد. شدت تابش UVB در سطح پرنده با استفاده از رادیومتر UV کالیبره‌شده روی 25 ± 2 میکرووات بر سانتی‌متر مربع حفظ شد و دوز تجمعی روزانه UVB بسته به مدت تیمار متفاوت بود. ویژگی‌های عملکرد رشد در مرحله پرورش اندازه‌گیری شد و سپس در بلدرچین‌های ماده سن اولین تخم‌گذاری، درصد تولید روزانه تخم، وزن تخم، توده تخم، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و زنده‌مانی بررسی گردید. برای ارزیابی صفات خارجی و داخلی کیفیت تخم، نمونه‌های نماینده‌ای از تخم‌ها انتخاب و شاخص شکل، وزن پوسته، درصد پوسته، ضخامت پوسته، شاخص زرده، شاخص آلبومن و واحد هاو اندازه‌گیری شدند. همچنین برای تعیین آلودگی میکروبی پوسته تخم از روش سواب‌گیری استفاده شد.
نتایج: یافته‌ها نشان داد که عملکرد تولیدی، کارایی تخم‌گذاری، کیفیت پوسته و وضعیت بهداشتی پوسته تخم در تیمارهای دارای UVB نسبت به گروه شاهد بهتر بود و بهترین پاسخ در پرندگانی مشاهده شد که روزانه 90 دقیقه در معرض UVB قرار داشتند. وزن نهایی بدن، تولید روزانه تخم، توده تخم، ضخامت پوسته، درصد پوسته، شاخص آلبومن و واحد هاو در تیمار 90 دقیقه در روز بالاتر بود. همچنین شمار میکروبی پوسته تخم کاهش یافت و ضریب تبدیل غذایی بهبود پیدا کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که قرارگیری متوسط در معرض UVB می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک راهبرد مدیریتی مؤثر برای بهبود کارایی تولید و کیفیت بهداشتی پوسته تخم در سیستم‌های پرورش بلدرچین ژاپنی در محیط بسته مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of ultraviolet-B supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, and eggshell microbial traits in Japanese quail

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alfred S. Karomy 1
  • Huda Falih Saad 1
  • Alice Louis Yousif 2
  • Salah Mahdi Alsudany 1
  • Bashar Falih Zaqeer 1
  • Sabah Kadhum Al-hummod 1
1 College of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, University of Basrah, Iraq
2 Department of Natural products Researches, Center of Technical Research, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq
چکیده [English]

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess how ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation added to the lighting program impacted productive performance during the rearing stage, laying performance, egg quality properties, and eggshell microbial properties in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).
Materials and methods
One hundred and eighty-one-day-old quail chicks were randomly allocated to four experimental treatments with three replications in each treatment and 15 birds in each replication. The control group of birds was only exposed to a basal LED lighting program. The other three groups received supplemental narrowband UVB (305-315 nm) for 60, 90, or 120 minutes per day. Philips TL 20W/01 RS lamps mounted 40 cm above the birds were used. The UVB irradiance at bird level was maintained at 25 ± 2 μW/cm² using a calibrated UV radiometer, and the cumulative daily UVB exposure dose differed according to treatment duration. Growth performance characteristics were measured at the rearing stage and the female quails were later measured for the age of first egg, hen day egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed ratio, and livability. To identify external and internal egg quality traits, representative samples of eggs were taken to identify shape index, shell weight, shell percentage, shell thickness, yolk index, albumen index, and Haugh unit traits. Microbiological procedures were done by swabs to determine Eggshell microbial contamination.
Results
The findings showed that productive performance, laying efficiency, shell quality, and eggshell hygienic status were better with UVB supplementation than with the control treatment, where the response was most favorable in birds exposed to UVB treatment at 90 min/day. The final body weight, hen-day egg production, egg mass, shell thickness, shell percentage, albumen index, and Haugh unit in the quails in 90 min/day treatment were higher. While, eggshell microbial counts were lower, and the feed conversion ratio was better.
Conclusion
The results imply that moderate UVB exposure could be an effective management strategy to enhance production efficiency and eggshell hygienic quality among indoor Japanese quail systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • egg production
  • eggshell microbial load
  • Japanese quail
  • lighting program
  • UVB
Al-Tamimy, S., Amen, S., Shaker, A., & Ameen, Q. (2025). The effect of adding different levels of L-arginine on the carcass traits of Japanese quail. Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 56(1), 235-239. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2024.270710.1855
Eroglu, M., Erisir, Z., Simsek, U. G., Mutlu, S. I., Baykalir, Y., Gungoren, A., Mutlu, M., Karakus, G. A., & Akarsu, S. (2025). Effects of washing dirty eggs of geese with boric acid and vinegar on hatchability and microbial loads. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 35(2), 354-363. https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2025.2.0029
Haugh, R. R. (1937). The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. U.S. Egg & Poultry Magazine, 43, 552-555.
Karomy, A. S., Gheni, Q. J., & George, S. S. (2019). Effect of the frequency of the Microsafe spraying on the production performance and the microbial presence in mouth and vent of broiler chickens. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 13(3), 1543-1548. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.13.3.26
Khabiri, A., Toroghi, R., Mohammadabadi, M., & Tabatabaeizadeh, S. E. (2025). Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic relative of a pure virulent Newcastle disease virus isolated from an outbreak in northeast Iran. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 78(4), Article ovaf049. https://doi.org/10.1093/lambio/ovaf049
Khabiri, A., Toroghi, R., Mohammadabadi, M., & Tabatabaeizadeh, S. E. (2023). Introduction of a Newcastle disease virus challenge strain (sub-genotype VII.1.1) isolated in Iran. Veterinary Research Forum, 14(4), 221-227. https://doi.org/10.30466/vrf.2022.548152.3373
Khezri, A., Shafabakhsh, H., Alizadeh, A., Mohammadabadi, M., & Shakeri, M. (2025). Effects of encapsulated mixtures of plant essential oils and organic acids as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters on humoral immune response and expression of interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma genes in broilers. Journal of Poultry Sciences and Avian Diseases, 3(3), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jpsad.3.3.3
Liu, Y., He, Y., Fan, S., Gong, X., Zhou, Y., Jian, Y., Ouyang, J., Jiang, Q., & Zhang, P. (2023). Effects of LED light colors on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations and microbiota in broilers. Animals, 13(23), Article 3731. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13233731
Mohamadinejad, F., Mohammadabadi, M., Roudbari, Z., Eskandarynasab Siahkouhi, S., Babenko, O., Klopenko, N., Borshch, O., Starostenko, I., Kalashnyk, O., & Assadi Soumeh, E. (2024). Analysis of liver transcriptome data to identify the genes affecting lipid metabolism during the embryonic and hatching periods in ROSS breeder broilers. Journal of Livestock Science and Technologies, 12(2), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.22103/jlst.2024.23814.1554
Mohammadabadi, M. R., Nikbakhti, M., Mirzaee, H. R., Shandi, M. A., Saghi, D. A., Romanov, M. N., & Moiseyeva, I. G. (2010). Genetic variability in three native Iranian chicken populations of the Khorasan province based on microsatellite markers. Russian Journal of Genetics, 46(4), 505-509. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795410040198
Mohammadabadi, M., Afsharmanesh, M., Khezri, A., Kheyrodin, H., Babenko, O. I., Borshch, O., Kalashnyk, O., Nechyporenko, O., Afanasenko, V., Slynko, V., & Usenko, S. (2025a). Effect of mealworm on GBP4L gene expression in the spleen tissue of Ross broiler chickens. Agricultural Biotechnology Journal, 17(2), 343-360. https://doi.org/10.22103/jab.2025.25277.1714
Mohammadabadi, M., Akhtarpoor, A., Khezri, A., Babenko, O., Stavetska, R. V., Tytarenko, I., Ievstafiieva, Y., Buchkovska, V., Slynko, V., & Afanasenko, V. (2024). The role and diverse applications of machine learning in genetics, breeding, and biotechnology of livestock and poultry. Agricultural Biotechnology Journal, 16(4), 413-442. https://doi.org/10.22103/jab.2024.24662.1644
Mohammadabadi, M., Khezri, A., Afsharmanesh, M., Kheyrodin, H., Bahreini Behzadi, M. R., Babenko, O., Usenko, S., & Momen, M. (2025b). Investigation of interleukin-6 gene expression in liver and spleen tissues of broiler chickens fed mealworm, probiotics, and mealworm with probiotics. Agricultural Biotechnology Journal, 17(4), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.22103/jab.2025.26228.1793
Mohammadabadi, M., Khezri, A., Babenko, O., Borshch, O. O., Kalashnyk, O., Starostenko, I., Tkachenko, S., Klopenko, N., Tytarenko, I., Bezpalyi, I., & Khabiri, A. (2025c). The effect of adding mealworm, probiotics, and mealworm plus probiotics on IL-8 gene expression in liver and spleen tissues of broiler chickens. OBM Genetics, 9(4), Article 315. https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.genet.2504315
Mohammadifar, A., & Mohammadabadi, M. R. (2017). Effect of uncoupling protein polymorphisms on growth, breeding value of growth and reproductive traits in the Fars indigenous chicken. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 7(4), 679-685.
Mohammadifar, A., & Mohammadabadi, M. R. (2018). Melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) gene association with growth and egg production traits in Fars indigenous chicken. Malaysian Applied Biology, 47(5), 85-90.
Narinc, D., Karaman, E., Aksoy, T., & Firat, M. Z. (2013). Investigation of nonlinear models to describe long-term egg production in Japanese quail. Poultry Science, 92(6), 1676-1682. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02511
Northcutt, J. K., Buyukyavuz, A., & Dawson, P. L. (2022). Quality of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs after extended refrigerated storage. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 31(3), Article 100280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2022.100280
Nowaczewski, S., Szablewski, T., Cegielska-Radziejewska, R., & Kontecka, H. (2013). Microbiological response of Japanese quail eggs to disinfection and location in the setter during incubation. Folia Biologica (Kraków), 61(1-2), 119-124. https://doi.org/10.3409/fb61_1-2.119
Pap, T. I., Szabó, R. T., Bodnár, Á., Pajor, F., Egerszegi, I., Podmaniczky, B., Pacz, M., Mezőszentgyörgyi, D., & Kovács-Weber, M. (2024). Effect of lighting methods on the production, behavior and meat quality parameters of broiler chickens. Animals, 14(12), Article 1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14121827
Rana, M. S., & Campbell, D. L. M. (2021). Application of ultraviolet light for poultry production: A review of impacts on behavior, physiology, and production. Frontiers in Animal Science, 2, Article 699262. https://doi.org/10.3389/fanim.2021.699262
Rana, M. S., Clay, J., Regmi, P., & Campbell, D. L. M. (2023). Minimal effects of ultraviolet light supplementation on egg production, egg and bone quality, and health during early lay of laying hens. PeerJ, 11, Article e14997. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14997
Saad, H. F., AL-hummod, S. K., & Karomy, A. S. (2024). Lighting systems in the fields of laying hens (their importance and impact on the productive and immunological) performance of laying hens. European Journal of Agricultural and Rural Education, 5(2), 7-12.
Sari, M., Tilki, M., & Saatci, M. (2016). Genetic parameters of egg quality traits in long-term pedigree recorded Japanese quail. Poultry Science, 95(8), 1743-1749. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew118
Shahdadnejad, N., Mohammadabadi, M. R., & Shamsadini, M. (2016). Typing of Clostridium perfringens isolated from broiler chickens using multiplex PCR. Genetics in the Third Millennium, 14(4), 4368-4374.
Sharma, M. K., McDaniel, C. D., Kiess, A. S., Loar, R. E., II, & Adhikari, P. (2022). Effect of housing environment and hen strain on egg production and egg quality as well as cloacal and eggshell microbiology in laying hens. Poultry Science, 101(2), Article 101595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101595
Tabeekh, M. A. A., Al-Moziel, S. G., Saad, F., Vasundhara, S., Pandey, Y., Vyas, R. P., & Seyum, N. (2017). Effect of light color and stocking density on intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 8(3), 4340-4344.
Wei, Y., Zheng, W., Li, B., Tong, Q., Shi, H., & Li, X. (2020). Effects of B-wave ultraviolet supplementation using light-emitting diodes on caged laying hens during the later phase of the laying cycle. Animals, 10(1), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10010015