مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی

مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی

تولید لیپید و استرهای متیل اسیدهای چرب (FAME) توسط Bacillus velezensis جداسازی‌شده از آب‌های دریایی محلی با هدف کاربردهای بالقوه در تولید بیودیزل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه بصره، القرنه، بصره، عراق
10.22103/jab.2026.27692.1985
چکیده
هدف: این مطالعه با هدف بررسی توانایی یک جدایه دریایی از Bacillus velezensis در تجمع لیپیدهای میکروبی و تولید استرهای متیل اسیدهای چرب (FAMEs) و همچنین ارزیابی پتانسیل پروفایل اسیدهای چرب آن برای کاربرد در تولید بیودیزل انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: یک سویه از Bacillus velezensis از آب دریایی جمع‌آوری‌شده از استان بصره در جنوب عراق جداسازی شد. شناسایی اولیه جدایه‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های ریخت‌شناسی و میکروسکوپی انجام گرفت. شناسایی مولکولی با استفاده از PCR تأیید شد. بر اساس تعیین توالی ژن 16S rRNA، جدایه منتخب به‌عنوان Bacillus velezensis شناسایی شد و توالی آن با شماره دسترسی PV202546.1 در GenBank ثبت گردید. به‌منظور القای تجمع لیپید در سلول‌های باکتریایی، سلول‌ها در محیط کشت نوترینت براث حاوی گلوکز به‌عنوان منبع کربن اضافی کشت داده شدند. وزن زیست‌توده خشک و لیپید استخراج‌شده به‌ترتیب 74/0 و 148/0 گرم بود که معادل محتوای لیپیدی 20 درصد است. لیپیدهای استخراج‌شده با استفاده از ترانس‌استریفیکاسیون کاتالیزشده توسط اسید به استرهای متیل اسیدهای چرب (FAMEs) تبدیل شدند و سپس با استفاده از FTIR و GC–MS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
نتایج: تجزیه‌وتحلیل GC–MS، استرهای متیل اسیدهای چرب (FAMEs) را شناسایی کرد که 12/32 درصد از عصاره لیپیدی مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل را تشکیل می‌دادند. اسیدهای چرب اشباع 9/28 درصد و اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع 22/3 درصد را به خود اختصاص دادند. متیل پالمیتات (C16:0) با 72/12 درصد، فراوان‌ترین FAME بود و پس از آن متیل پنتادکانوآت (C15:0) با 9/6 درصد و متیل هپتادکانوآت (C17:0) با 91/4 درصد قرار داشتند. این نتایج نشان‌دهنده یک پروفایل اسیدهای چرب عمدتاً اشباع است که می‌تواند به عدد ستان مطلوب و پایداری اکسیداتیو مناسب کمک کند؛ بااین‌حال، درجه نسبتاً بالای اشباعیت ممکن است بر ویژگی‌های سوخت در دماهای پایین اثر نامطلوب داشته باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: جدایه دریایی Bacillus velezensis توانایی تولید زیست‌توده و تجمع لیپید را هنگام کشت در محیط نوترینت براث غنی‌شده با گلوکز نشان داد. لیپیدهای استخراج‌شده 20 درصد از زیست‌توده خشک را تشکیل دادند، درحالی‌که تجزیه‌وتحلیل GC–MS یک پروفایل FAME عمدتاً اشباع را نشان داد. این یافته‌ها بیانگر آن است که این جدایه می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک خوراک میکروبی بالقوه برای مطالعات بیشتر در زمینه تولید بیودیزل مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. بااین‌حال، برای تأیید پتانسیل عملی آن، بهینه‌سازی بیشتر شرایط کشت و بازیابی لیپید، همراه با ارزیابی مستقیم ویژگی‌های سوخت بیودیزل، ضروری است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Lipid and FAME production by a locally isolated Bacillus velezensis from marine water for potential biodiesel applications

نویسنده English

Ismaal Jmia Abbs
Department of Biology, College of Education Al-Qurna, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
چکیده English

Objective
To investigate the ability of a marine isolate of Bacillus velezensis to accumulate microbial lipids and produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), and to assess the potential of its fatty acid profile for biodiesel applications.
Materials and methods
A Bacillus velezensis strain was isolated from marine water collected from Basrah Province, southern Iraq. Initial identification of the isolates was performed using morphological and microscopic tests. Molecular identification was confirmed by PCR. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the selected isolate was identified as Bacillus velezensis, and its sequence was deposited in GenBank under accession number PV202546.1. To induce lipid accumulation in the bacterial cells, they were cultured in nutrient broth with added glucose (as an additional carbon source). The dried biomass and extracted lipid weights were 0.740 g and 0.148 g, respectively, corresponding to a lipid content of 20%. The extracted lipids were converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by acid-catalyzed transesterification and subsequently analyzed by FTIR and GC–MS.
Results
GC–MS analysis identified FAMEs representing 32.12% of the analyzed lipid extract. Saturated fatty acids accounted for 28.90%, whereas unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 3.22%. Methyl palmitate (C16:0) was the predominant FAME, representing 12.72%, followed by methyl pentadecanoate (C15:0) at 6.90% and methyl heptadecanoate (C17:0) at 4.91%. These results indicate a predominantly saturated fatty acid profile, which may contribute to favorable cetane number and oxidative stability; however, the relatively high degree of saturation may adversely affect low-temperature properties.
Conclusion
The marine isolate of Bacillus velezensis demonstrated the ability to produce biomass and accumulate lipids when cultivated in glucose-supplemented nutrient broth. The extracted lipids accounted for 20% of the dry biomass, while GC–MS analysis revealed a predominantly saturated FAME profile. These findings suggest that the isolate may represent a potential microbial feedstock for further investigation of biodiesel production. However, additional optimization of cultivation and lipid recovery conditions, together with direct assessment of biodiesel fuel properties, is required to confirm its practical potential.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Bacillus velezensis
Biodiesel
Biomass of B. velezensis
fatty acid methyl esters
microbial lipids
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