بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی برخی از ارقام تجاری سیب (Malus domestica L.) در استان خراسان رضوی با استفاده از فناوری RAPD-PCR

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، موسسه آموزش عالی غیر انتفاعی سنا، ساری، ایران

2 بخش گیاهپزشکی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، مشهد، ایران

3 گروه اصلاح نباتات، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منایع طبیعی مازندران

4 دانشکده غیر انتفاعی سنا، ساری، ایران

5 موسسه آموزش عالی غیر انتفاعی سنا، ساری، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام تجاری سیب در استان خراسان رضوی با استفاده از 40 آغازگر RAPD بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: DNA از برگهای جوان درخت سیب جمع آوری و با استفاده از روش دلاپورتا استخراج شد. به منظور بررسی چندشکلی، واکنش زنجیره ای پلیمراز برای هر آغازگر انجام و شاخص های نشانگری محاسبه شدند. تشابه ژنتیکی و گروه‌بندی نمونه‌ها به ترتیب بر اساس ضریب تشابه جاکارد و روش UPGMA و تجزیه PcoA به کمک نرم افزارNTSYS-PC  نسخه 2.2 انجام شد. ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیت سیب مورد مطالعه نیز با استفاده از نرم افزار STRUCTURE نسخه 2.3 ارزیابی شد.
نتایج: بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده، بیشترین باند چندشکل متعلق به آغازگر OPA7 و کمترین باند چندشکل مربوط به آغازگر OPJ13 بود. بیشترین و کمترین میزان PIC به ترتیب در آغازگرهای OPA4 (48/0) و OPM6 (2/0) دیده شد. طبق نتایج تجزیه کلاستر با روش UPGMA، ارقام مورد نظر در 2 گروه اصلی و 5 زیرگروه دسته‌بندی شدند. بیشترین تشابه بین ارقام گلاب اصفهان-گلمکانی، Margenduft-Low Red Roem Beauty  و علیموری خراسان-Dalago و کمترین تشابه بین ارقام گلاب اصفهان- Fuji Rossa و گلاب اصفهان-Low Red Roem Beauty  تشخیص داده شد. گروه‌بندی نمونه‌های سیب بر اساس تجزیه PcoA و روش UPGMA متفاوت بود. به علاوه، نتایج بدست آمده از آنالیز Bayesian بیانگر عدم اختلاط تبار ارقام سیب مورد مطالعه بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق، می‌توان از نشانگر RAPD در شناسایی نواحی چندشکلی، تخمین فاصله ژنتیکی و مدیریت ژنوتیپ و ارقام سیب استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Commercial Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica L.) in Khorasan Razavi using RAPD Technique

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahyar Gerami 1
  • Mahmood Reza Karimi Shahri 2
  • Parastoo Majidian 3
  • Somayeh Heidari Sharafdarkolahi 4
  • Reza Nikbakht 5
1 Assistant Professor, Higher Education of Sana Institute, Sari, Iran
2 Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center
3 plant breeding department, Mazandaran agricultural and natural resources research and education center
4 Higher education of Sana Institute
5 Higher Education of Sana Institute, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of some commercial apple cultivars in Khorasan Razavi province using 40 RAPD primers.
Materials and methods
DNA was collected from fresh leaves of apple samples studied and extracted based on dellaporta method. In order to investigate polymorphism, the PCR analysis was performed for each primer and the marker indices were calculated. The genetic similarity and distance were evaluated using Jaccard coefficient by UPGMA method and PcoA analysis by NTSYS-PC ver 2.2, respectively. The genetic structure analysis was performed using STRUCTURE software ver 2.3.
 
Results                                                     
The percentage of polymorphic bands was different from 37.5% for OPJ13 marker to 100% for OPA7 markers. The highest and lowest PIC parameter was related to OPA4 (0.48) and OPM6 (0.2), respectively. With respect to cluster analysis, the samples were grouped into two main clusters and five subgroups. The highest similarity was between Golab Esfahan-Golomkani, Margenduft-Low Red Roem Beauty and Alimori Khorasan Dalago, while the lowest similarity was between Golab Esfahan-Fuji Rossa and Golab Esfahan-Low Red Roem Beauty cultivars. The classification based on PcoA analysis was different with UPGMA. In addition, the obtained result of Bayesian analysis showed lack of admixture of the apple cultivars studied.
 
Conclusions
According to the results of RAPD analysis, this marker can be used for recognition of polymorphic regions, assessment of genetic distance and management of apple genotypes and cultivars.
 
 
Citation: Gerami M, Karimi Shahri MR, Majidian P, Sharafdar Kolahi S, Nikbakht R (2019). Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Commercial Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica L.) in Khorasan Razavi using RAPD Technique. Agricultural Biotechnology Journal 11 (1), 119-134. 
 
Agricultural Biotechnology Journal 11 (1), 119-134.
DOI: 10.22103/jab.2019.12697.1076
Received:  November 10, 2018; Accepted: February 21, 2019
© Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman-Iranian Biotechnology Society

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : apple
  • genetic similarity
  • genetic structure
  • molecular marker
  • PcoA analysis

مراجع

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مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی
دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 33
دوره 11 شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 119-134

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