تنوع ملکولی و روابط ژنتیکی بین توده‌های Aegilops tauschii بر اساس چندشکلی حاصل از ناحیه CAAT-box پروموتر ژن‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان

2 گروه بیوتکنولوژی و به نژادی گیاهی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

4 گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی دانشگاه ایلام

5 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدف:  اهمیت خویشاوندان وحشی در به نژادی گندم سبب شده است تا مطالعات فراوانی در رابطه با بررسی تنوع و ساختار ژنتیکی گونه‌های مختلف گندم وحشی با استفاده از سیستم‌های نشانگری گوناگون انجام شود. هدف این مطالعه بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی 90 توده‌ مختلف tauschii Ae. به منظور تعیین میزان تنوع ژنتیکی، و همچنین آنالیز ساختار ژنتیکی آن‌ها برای گروه‌بندی توده‌ها با استفاده از چند شکلی حاصل از نواحی CAAT-box   بود. 
مواد و روش‌ها: در این تحقیق تنوع ژنتیکی و ساختار جمعیت 90 توده Ae. tauschii جمع­آوری شده از مناطق مختلف ایران با استفاده از 12آغازگر CBDP مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
نتایج: با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده در مجموع، تعداد 141 باند توسط 12 آغازگر مورد استفاده تولید شد که 91 مورد از این باندها چندشکل بودند و متوسط تعداد باند چند شکل تولید شده به ازای هر آغازگر برابر با  58/7 بدست آمد. مقدار شاخص محتوای اطلاعات چند شکل(PIC) و شاخص نشانگر (MI) برای آغازگرهای CBDP مورداستفاده بترتیب بین 4/0 تا 49/0 و 49/1 تا 99/4 متغیر بود. با توجه به شاخص‌های محاسبه شده آغازگرهای CB9، CB12 و CB1 بیشترین کارایی را در تفکیک ژنتیکی توده‌ها نشان دادند. تجزیه ساختار ژنتیکی، توده‌های مورد بررسی را در سه گروه اصلی با  تعداد 10، 18 و 30 توده دسته‌بندی نمود و بقیه توده‌ها به عنوان توده‌های مخلوط شناسایی شدند.  در این مطالعه بالاترین مقادیر شاخص‌های تنوع ژنتیکی شامل تعداد آلل‌های مؤثر، شاخص شانون و میزان هتروزیگوسیتی مربوط به زیر جمعیت 1 بود. علاوه بر این، میزان تمایز ژنی (Gst) و جریان ژنی (Nm) بین زیر جمعیت‌ها به ترتیب برابر با 03/0 و 58/18 بود. دندروگرام حاصل از تجزیه خوشه‌ای، توده‌های مورد بررسی را به سه گروه تقسیم بندی نمود که مطابق با گروه‌بندی حاصل از تجزیه ساختار ژنتیکی بود.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل از پارامترهای مختلف نشان داد که نشانگر CBDP یک نشانگر مناسب در بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی توده‌های Aegilops tauschii  می‌باشد. همچنین با توجه به نتایج ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیت و پارامترهای تنوع ژنتیکی بین زیر جمعیتی به نظر می‌رسد لازم است  اقداماتی جهت حفاظت از این منبع ژنتیکی ارزشمند که توان بالقوه بسیار بالایی در بهنژادی گندم زراعی دارد، صورت گیرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular variation and genetic relationships among Aegilops tauschii accessions based on CAAT-box derived polymorphism

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh Nouri 1
  • Alireza Etminan 2
  • Maryam Golabadi 3
  • Ali Ashraf mehrabi 4
  • Abdolmajid Rezaee 5
1 Islamic Azad university of Isfahan
2 Department of Plant breeding and Biotechnology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
4 ilam university
5 Professor, Department of Agronomy and plant breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective
The importance of wild relatives in wheat breeding has caused a lot of investigations to study the genetic diversity and population structures in different species of wild wheat, using various molecular markers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular diversity of 90 different accessions of Aegilops tauschiiand analyzing the genetic structure for clustering the populations using CAAT box-derived polymorphism (CBDP) markers.
 
 
 
Materials and methods
In the present study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 90 different accessions of Ae. tauschii collected from different geographical areas of Iran, was evaluated using 12 CBDP primers.
Results
Based on the results, the 12 primers amplified 141 bands in which 91 were polymorphic with an average of 7.58 bands pre primer. The polymorphism information content (PIC) and marker index (MI) for the CBDP primers ranged from 0.40 to 0.49 and 1.49 to 4.99, respectively. Primers CB9, CB12 and CB1 showed a high efficiency in genetic discrimination of evaluated accessions. Population structure analysis classified evaluated accessions into three main groups with 10, 18 and 30 accessions respectively and other accessions recognized as a mixture accessions. In this study, subpopulation NO.1 had the highest values of genetic diversity indices such as number of effective alleles (Ne), Shannon index (I) and heterozygosity (He). Among Ae. tauschii populations a very low genetic differentiation (Gst: 0.03) and high gene flow (Nm: 18.58) were observed. The dendrogram resulted from cluster analysis categorized the assessed accessions into three clusters which accordance with genetic structural analysis results.
Conclusions
Overall, the results of different parameters showed that the CBDP, is an appropriate marker system for assessing the genetic diversity of Aegilops tauschii accessions. Regarding to the results of genetic structural analysis and diversity parameters, a conservation program is recommended for management of Aegilops germplasm as a valuable genetic resource in the wheat breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diversity
  • wild wheat
  • population structure
  • germplasm management

مراجع

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مجله بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی
دوره 13، شماره 1
فروردین 1400
صفحه 57-74

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