بررسی فعالیت ضدکپکی باکتری‌های لاکتیک اسید جدا شده از خمیرهای سورگوم، ذرت و جو علیه کپک‌های Aspergillus flavus، Penicillium expansum و Rhizopus coriniformis

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده صنایع غذائی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 گروه گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 گروه علوم وصنایع غذائی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 گرگان گرگان-میدان بسیج-روبروی کارخانه شیر پاستوریزه-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان-دانشکده تولید گیاهی-گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیو

چکیده

چکیده
هدف: در سالیان اخیر استفاده از باکتری‌های لاکتیک‌ اسید و متابولیت‌های آنها برای کنترل فعالیت کپک‌ها مورد توجه زیادی قرار ­­گرفته است. هدف از این تحقیق، جداسازی و شناسایی مولکولی باکتری‌های لاکتیک ‌اسید با قابلیت ضد­قارچی از خمیر ذرت، سورگوم و جو می‌باشد.
روش: خصوصیات ضدکپکی 68 جدایه باکتری، روماند باکتریایی و سلول حرارت دیده‌شان با اتوکلاو بر روی کپک‌های Aspergillus flavus ، Penicillium expansum  و Rhizopus coriniformis بررسی شد. همچنین خصوصیات ضدکپکی روماند تیمار شده با آنزیم‌های پپسین و پروتئیناز K مورد آزمون قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که درصد بازدارندگی سلول‌های زنده باکتریایی بر روی کپک‌های A. flavus، P. expansum و R. coriniformis به ترتیب بین 16- 0، 64/33 - 0 و 56/11 - 0 درصد بود. کمترین اثر ممانعت کنندگی سلول‌های زنده باکتریایی بر روی کپک R. coriniformis و بیشترین ممانعت‌کنندگی بر کپک P. expansum مشاهده شد. روماند بیشتر جدایه‌ها در محدوده فراوانی بین 0 تا 30 درصد بر روی کپکR. coriniformis اثر ممانعت‌کنندگی داشتند درحالی که این ممانعت از رشد بر روی کپک P. expansum  در محدوده فراوانی 100-90 درصد بود که نشان از حساس بودن این کپک به روماند اکثر جدایه‌ها داشت. در مورد اثر مهارکنندگی بر کپک‌های P. expansum و R. coriniformis ، بیشترین فراوانی جدایه‌ها در محدوده 100-91 درصد بود که حاکی از حساس‌تر بودن این دو گونه کپکی به سلول حرارت دیده اکثر جدایه‌های باکتریایی بود. در نهایت سه جدایه به عنوان جدایه‌های برتر انتخاب شدند که هر سه به عنوانLactobacillus plantarum  شناسایی شدند. روماند حاصل از این سه جدایه باکتریایی هنگام تیمار با پپسین فقط از رشد A. flavus ممانعت کردند و اثر مهارکنندگی بر دو کپک دیگر نداشتند.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که امکان استفاده از باکتری L. plantarum   و روماند آن برای کنترل رشد کپک‌ها وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from sorghum, corn and barley sour doughs against Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium expansum and Rhizopus coriniformis molds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Barat Ali Zarei Yam 1
  • Morteza Khomeiri 2
  • Ali Moayedi 3
  • Yamchi Ahad 4
1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Department of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources,, Gorgan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: In recent years, the use of biological methods to control the activity of molds with the help of lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites has received much attention. The aim of this study was to isolate and molecularly identify of lactic acid bacteria with antifungal ability from corn, sorghum and barley sour doughs.
 
Methods: The anti-fungal properties of 68 cell bacterial isolates, bacterial supernatant and autoclaved cells were investigated on Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium expansum and Rhizopus coriniformis molds. Also, the anti-mold properties of the supernatant treated with pepsin and proteinase K enzymes were tested.
 
Results: The results showed that the percentage of inhibition of live bacterial cells on the molds of A. flavus, P. expansum and R. coriniformis was between 0-16, -0.33 and -0.56 percent, respectively. The lowest inhibitory effect of live bacterial cells was observed on R. coriniformis and the highest inhibitory effect was observed on P. expansum. The supernatants of most isolates had an inhibitory effect on R. coriniformis in the range of 0-30 percent, while this inhibition of growth on P. expansum mold was in the range of 100-90 percent, indicating that this mold is sensitive to the supernatant of most isolates. Regarding the inhibitory effect on P. expansum and R. coriniformis, the highest frequency of isolates was in the range of 91-100 percent, which indicated that these two molds were more sensitive to the heated cell of the most bacterial isolates. Based on the results, finally three isolates were selected as superior isolates, all of which were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. The supernatants from these three bacterial isolates when treated with pepsin, inhibited the growth of A. flavus only and had no inhibitory effect on the other two molds.
 
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that it is possible to use L. plantarum and its supernatant for control of mold growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lactic acid bacteria
  • Pepsin
  • Heated cell
  • Cell-free supernatant
  • Anti-fungal activity
خراسانچی ن، پیغمبردوست ه، گلشن تفتی ا، حجازی م ا، رافت ع (1390) ارزیابی قابلیت خمیرترش مایع حاوی آغازگرهای لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم و لاکتوباسیلوس روتری در جلوگیری از فساد قارچی نان. نشریه پژوهش‌های صنایع غذائی 21(3)، 400-391.
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