مطالعه مولکولی انگل F. gigantica جدا شده از گاوها و گاومیش های ذبح شده توسط ژنCOX1 و آنالیز درخت فیلوژنتیک در شهر ناصریه / عراق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 اداره آموزش ذی قار، وزارت آموزش و پرورش، عراق.

2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده آموزش، دانشگاه القادسیه، عراق.

3 دامپزشکی ذی قار، بیمارستان های دامپزشکی

10.22103/jab.2024.23874.1586

چکیده

هدف: فاسیولوزیس یک بیماری انگلی است که توسط فلوک های کبدی Fasciola hepatica و Fasciola gigantica ایجاد می‌شود. این انگل‌ها در درجه اول بر نشخوارکنندگان مانند گاو و گوسفند تأثیر می گذارند، اما می‌توانند انسان را نیز آلوده کنند و آن را به یک بیماری مشترک بین انسان و دام تبدیل کنند. این بیماری معمولاً از طریق بلع آب یا پوشش گیاهی آلوده به مراحل لاروی انگل منتقل می‌شود. فاسیولوزیس چالش‌های اقتصادی و بهداشتی قابل توجهی را ایجاد می‌کند، به‌ویژه در مناطقی که دامداری رایج است.
مواد و روش‌ها: در مطالعه‌ای که اخیراً در ناصریه عراق انجام شد، 30 نمونه Fasciola gigantica از گاوها و گاومیش‌های آلوده در کشتارگاه مرکزی جدا شد. هدف اولیه شناسایی و مشخص کردن سویه‌های رایج F. gigantica موجود در این حیوانات با استفاده از فناوری واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز (PCR) بود. محققان با تمرکز بر توالی‌های ژن، به ویژه ژن سیتوکروم C اکسیداز زیرواحد 1 (COX1)، به دنبال مقایسه این سویه‌ها با آنهایی بودند که در پایگاه داده NCBI-BLAST از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل درخت فیلوژنتیکی ثبت شده‌اند.
نتایج: DNA  استخراج شده ز نمونه‌های F. gigantica با تکنیک PCR با موفقیت تکثیر شد و امکان تجزیه و تحلیل ژنتیکی بیشتر را فراهم کرد. نتایج این مطالعه روابط ژنتیکی بین جدایه‌های عراقی و سایر مناطق را برجسته کرد. به عنوان مثال، یکی از جدایه‌ها، با نام F. gigantica شماره 1 با شماره توالی OQ152484، تطابق 100% با ایزوله ایرانی (OP903335) ثبت شده در بانک ژن NCBI-BLAST را نشان داد. ایزوله دیگر با شماره OQ152485 مشابه سویه ترکیه‌ای بود. علاوه بر این، جدایه‌های 3 و 4 (OQ152486 و OQ152487) با جدایه های ایرانی OQ070200 و OP903336 ارتباط نزدیکی داشتند که شباهت 99.41% و 99.71% را نشان دادند. در نهایت، ایزوله شماره 5 (OQ152488) 41/99 درصد با یک ایزوله هندی (KU363230)  ثبت شده در پایگاه داده یکسان بود.
نتیجه گیری: این یافته‌ها بر تنوع ژنتیکی و توزیع جغرافیایی بالقوه سویه‌های F. gigantica تاکید می‌کند و بر اهمیت نظارت مستمر و تعیین خصوصیات ژنتیکی برای درک بهتر اپیدمیولوژی فاسیولوزیس و اطلاع‌رسانی استراتژی‌های کنترل تاکید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular Study of F. gigantica Parasite Isolated from Slaughtered Cows and Buffaloes by COX1 Gene and Phylogenetic Tree Analysis in Nasiriyah City / Iraq

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdul–Jaleel Aziz Karim Alqaraghli 1
  • Hind Abdulzahra Abdulkadhim Alshaibani 2
  • Mohammed Azeez Yasir Alzaidi 3
1 Directorate of Education Dhi-Qar, Ministry of Education, Iraq
2 Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq.
3 Veterinary Directorate Dhi-Qar, Veterinary Hospitals
چکیده [English]

Objectives
Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease caused by the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. These parasites primarily affect ruminants such as cattle and sheep but can also infect humans, making it a notable zoonosis. The disease is typically transmitted through the ingestion of water or vegetation contaminated with the larval stages of the parasite. Fasciolosis poses substantial economic and health challenges, particularly in regions where livestock farming is prevalent.
Materials and methods
In a recent study conducted in Nasiriyah, Iraq, 30 samples of Fasciola gigantica were isolated from infected cows and buffaloes at the central abattoir. The primary aim was to identify and characterize the common strains of F. gigantica present in these animals using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology. By focusing on gene sequences, particularly the Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 1 gene (COX1), researchers sought to compare these strains with those registered in the NCBI-BLAST database through phylogenetic tree analysis.
 
 
Results
The PCR technique successfully amplified DNA extracted from F. gigantica samples, enabling further genetic analysis. The study's results highlighted the genetic relationships between the Iraqi isolates and those from other regions. For instance, one isolate, identified as F. gigantica number 1 with the sequence number OQ152484, showed a 100% match with an Iranian isolate (OP903335) registered in the NCBI-BLAST GenBank. Another isolate, numbered OQ152485, was identical to a Turkish strain. Additionally, isolates 3 and 4 (OQ152486 and OQ152487) were closely related to Iranian isolates OQ070200 and OP903336, showing a similarity of 99.41% and 99.71%. Lastly, isolate number 5 (OQ152488) was found to be 99.41% identical to an Indian isolate (KU363230) recorded in the database.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the genetic diversity and potential geographic distribution of F. gigantica strains, emphasizing the importance of continued surveillance and genetic characterization to better understand the epidemiology of fasciolosis and inform control strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Buffaloes
  • Cows
  • Genetic diversity
  • PCR Technology
  • Zoonosis
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